尷尬的牛市?美股90%的漲幅來自20只龍頭
在經歷了動盪的第一季度後,美國股市表現出相當的韌性,$標普500指數(.SPX.US)$3月上漲3.5%,今年迄今上漲7%,市值增加約2.36萬億美元,而90%可以歸功於20只龍頭股。
根據截至4月10日的數據顯示,今年以來,在標普500漲幅最大的股票中,芯片製造商$英偉達(NVDA.US)$漲超89%;全球領先的企業雲計算公司$賽富時(CRM.US)$上漲超41%。
在FAANMG六大科技股中,谷歌母公司Alphabet已反彈至去年9月以來高位,上漲超25%;$微軟(MSFT.US)$反彈至去年8月以來高位,上漲超31%;Facebook母公司$Meta Platforms(META.US)$累計上漲70%,至去年4月高位。
根據全球資管公司Apollo Global Management的數據顯示,2023年第一季度,標普500中表現最佳的20只股票,市值增長了約2.05萬億美元。僅$蘋果(AAPL.US)$一家公司的市值,在今年前3月就上漲了近6000億美元,增幅高達30%。
而標普500剩餘股票市值在今年一季度共增加了3200億美元。
瑞銀表示,如果剔除大型成長股,標普500在2023年一季度僅上漲了1.4%。
2022年遭受重創的科技股開始迴歸
2022年,美聯儲的激進加息重創科技股。
飆升的通脹和不斷上升的利率促使投資者遠離成長型公司,轉投利潤率高、現金流穩定和股息收益率高的公司。市場對加息的後果反應過度,結果就是,科技股跌得太多。
但今年開始,銀行業的動盪使得市場對美聯儲的加息預期發生了巨大轉變,這一轉變也使科技股迎來了大幅反彈。
當前市場普遍認爲,在評估經濟環境後,美聯儲將在5月3日的議息會議上最後一次加息25基點,將基準利率上調至5.00%-5.25%。
但科技股的反彈還能持續多久?市場在這一問題上還沒有共識。
摩根大通交易員 Jack Atherton表示,科技股正成爲投資者們的避風港:
鑑於市場現在形式,人們正在尋找更爲安全的環境,而大型科技公司爲他們提供了這些便利。
而資管機構lands Berg Bennett首席投資官Michael Landsberg則認爲,在當前的宏觀經濟環境下,人們不該把科技股當成避風港。他指出,隨着美國經濟陷入衰退,需求將開始軟化,科技公司的基本面正持續惡化。
與此同時,投資者的情緒也在持續惡化,根據美國個人投資者協會情緒調查,看跌市場的投資者比例升至 12 月以來的最高水平。他們中有不少人將撤出的現金存入了收益率高達4%的貨幣市場賬戶。
專業的基金經理也在離開美國股市。3月全球基金經理調查,基金經理的美國股票配置已降至18年來的最低點,美銀的約淨44%的受訪投資者減持美國股票。
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