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畢馬威:香港銀行業去年展現強勁韌性 加快採用AI並帶來實質而可量化價值
據畢馬威最新《香港銀行業報告》顯示,儘管全球經濟持續面臨挑戰,香港銀行業仍在2024年展現穩健增長與營運韌性。該報告深入分析香港銀行業2024年的整體表現,並探討包括地緣政治、信貸風險、數碼資產創新及人工智能轉型等影響未來銀行業發展的關鍵趨勢。 報告顯示,受調查的香港持牌銀行2024年總資產增長4.5%,達24萬億港元;營運利潤(扣除減值前)亦增長7.8%,達3,180億港元。面對貸款需求疲弱和淨息差收窄,銀行業持續專注於成本控管與營運效率提升。 畢馬威中國香港特別行政區銀行業高級合夥人馬紹輝(Paul McSheaffrey)稱,面對充滿挑戰的宏觀經濟環境,以及中美貿易緊張局勢的影響,香港銀行業仍展現強勁的韌性。這有賴業界長期堅持審慎的風險管理、資本管理及數碼轉型投資,使其能夠靈活應對市場波動,並保持國際競爭力。 2024年總貸款及墊款減少2.3%,而客戶存款總額則增長4.1%。銀行資產質素面臨壓力,不良貸款比率從1.65%上升至2.15%,主要是由於商業地產及整體房地產行業持續面臨挑戰。然而,大部分銀行仍積極推行風險管理措施,包括分散投資組合風險及利用數碼工具加強前期風險預警能力。 畢馬威中國香港特別行政區中資金融機構主管合夥人方海雲稱,雖然香港經濟在2024年展現韌性,但中美自2025年4月起互相加徵對等關稅,爲以貿易爲主導的香港經濟帶來更大的下行風險,亦令經濟前景變得不明朗。銀行業在應對持續的地緣政治不確定性及宏觀經濟挑戰時需繼續提高警惕。審慎的資本管理、靈活的定價策略以及重新聚焦亞洲新興市場機遇,將是實現可持續增長的關鍵。 香港銀行亦加快採用人工智能(AI)技術,特別是代理式AI(Agentic AI),協助提升營運效率、風險管理及合規水平。畢馬威中國香港特別行政區金融服務科技諮詢合夥人莫凱喬稱,代理式AI的發展速度超乎預期。雖然香港銀行業審慎應對潛在風險,但普遍對此項技術表現積極,並正加快採用步伐。本港銀行若能在推動代理式AI應用上採取策略性及數據爲本的方法,將能在日益激烈的市場競爭中處於領先地位。 畢馬威中國香港特別行政區銀行業及資本市場主管合夥人宋家寧稱,AI已爲香港銀行業帶來實質而且可量化的價值。不過,銀行業必須妥善應對與管治、風險及信任相關的疑慮。建立值得信賴的AI系統,對於維持公衆信心及確保香港銀行體系的長遠可持續發展至關重要。在數碼轉型方面走得更快的機構或將更具優勢,而其他機構可能需要先在基礎設施上縮窄差距,才能擴大AI應用。
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