《大行報告》一表列出本港「雙重上市」與「二次上市」對比
目前在聯交所主板第二上市的阿里巴巴-SW(09988.HK)宣布董事會已授權公司管理層申請在聯交所主板改變上市地位為主要上市,預期將於今年年底前生效。據中金5月中曾發表報告,若中概股均可滿足雙重主要上市和二次上市的量化門檻,結合港交所(00388.HK)的制度規定及該行實踐經驗來看,由於兩種上市路徑在審核難度及節奏、公司治理調整、持續信息披露等方面存在差異,因此發行人往往會從自身出發,對比考量不同路徑下所需的上市時間和成本後再做選擇。同時,上市後是否可以納入港股通,以及上市地位是否可以有效對衝海外極端風險,也是路徑選擇的重要考量因素。
該行指,「雙重主要上市」標準和流程與首次公開發行基本相同,需要同時滿足兩個市場監管要求,雖然增加了企業的合規成本,但其主要上市地位則可以抵御海外被迫退市等風險,也可以在滿足一定條件後成為港股通標的。
中金指「二次上市」相比之下,保留美股上市地位的同時在港股二次上市所需時間短,且可以享受諸多豁免,可在公司治理、VIE(可變利益實體(Variable Interest Entit))結構和披露等方面降低成本,因此也是中概股回歸的首選和主流。但缺點是其上市地位可能會因海外主上市地變更而面臨不確定性、同時目前暫時也無法納入滬港通交易範圍。
該行列出本港「雙重上市」與「二次上市」對比
(1)上市地位
香港「二次上市」:
-第二次上市地位,若海外主上市地發生變更,則可能受損;
-上市後可申請轉換為主要上市地位
香港「雙重上市」:
主要上市地位,即上市地位不受其他上市地位變更影響
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(2)審核難度及節奏
香港「二次上市」:
享受諸多豁免,信息披露要求及審核要求均相對較低,原則上以境外主要上市地的要求為准,審核節奏較快
香港「雙重上市」:
對於雙重主要上市的申請人,聯交所的審核整體與一般港股IPO趨同,審核要求高於第二上市,審核節奏相對較慢
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(3)公司治理調整
香港「二次上市」:
香港第二上市對於公司治理原則上遵循境外主要上市地的要求,享受諸多豁免,需要作出的調整相對較少
香港「雙重上市」:
香港雙重主要上市需同時滿足兩地交易所對公司治理的要求,包括但不限於VIE架構合規性、關連交易及重大交易的相關審 批權限、股份期權計劃的決策程序等
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(4)持續信息披露
香港「二次上市」:
聯交所對第二上市的公司信息在重大交易通函、須予公布交易的披露與決策、關聯交易的披露與決策、年報及 中期報告具體條文要求等方面均有所放鬆
香港「雙重上市」:
對於雙重主要上市的申請人,上市後的持續信息披露需符合聯交所上市規則的相關要求
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(5)上市後是否有資格納入港股通標的
香港「二次上市」:
無資格
香港「雙重上市」:
有資格
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