《瑞銀窩輪》大市波動下淺談認股證、牛熊證基本知識
港股經歷周一下跌逾1022點,收報19531點後,恆指周二繼續受沽壓,整體走勢直走下坡,中午時經已失守19000點,下午時段恆指繼續向下,反彈力欠奉,沽壓氣氛濃厚,全日挫1116點,收報18415點,周一、周二合共跌超過2000點,重回2016年2月時水平。
經歷連續兩天單日下跌超過1000點的市況下,無論正股抑或槓桿投資產品,投資者都持兩極看法,部分投資者認為各股份股價(尤其是重榜科技股)已屬低位,可以趁機撈底博其股價反彈;亦有投資者擔心跌勢未止,而希望再稍作觀察。對於未曾以槓桿投資產品作部署的投資者,今期就為大家淺談認股證(窩輪)及牛熊證的基本知識。
在現時風高浪急的情況下,或可考慮通過認購證(Call輪)或牛證來捕捉短線反彈機會放大潛在回報;或通過認沽證(Put輪)或熊證來對沖持股組合。牛熊證及認股證可於港交所證券市場(現貨市場)進行買賣,價格會跟隨相關資產(指數或正股)跳動,牛證是看好,熊證是看淡;認購證是看好,認沽證則是看淡。由於牛熊證及認股證所投入的資金一般較正股的「入場費」少,加上其具有的槓桿效應,在持續波動的市況下,可以「以小博大」;即使是有潛在虧損的機會,最壞的情況是損失所投入的本金而不會變「負資產」,因此損失相對有限。
投資牛熊證及認股證的初學者需要注意:牛熊證及認股證最大的不同之處是牛熊證設有收回機制,當牛熊證所掛鉤的相關資產如指數、股票股價觸及牛熊證條款上的收回價,牛熊證會即時被提早終止、停牌及收回。被強制收回後的牛熊證,視乎行使價與觀察期間相關資產的最低點(牛證)或最高點(熊證)之間的差距而計算是否有剩餘價值,但無論是否有剩餘價值,重點是當牛熊證被收回後,即使相關資產其後回升(牛證)或下跌(熊證),該牛熊證亦不會再隨相關資產上升。即使投資者看法正確,但如果相關資產先觸及收回價後才升/跌至目標價,也有機會導致負回報,所以買賣牛熊證的投資者必須注意這點,需要選擇一個有信心不會容易觸及的收回價,減低收回風險。至於認股證則沒有收回機制,只有條款上的到期日,但專屬於認股證的引伸波幅及時間值損耗等因素或有機會影響認股證的價格跳動:就例如在股價急跌的情況下,相關認股證的引伸波幅或有機會因未來市況的潛在不確定性增加而抽升,一旦股價跌勢喘定,相關認股證的引伸波幅就有機會作出回調,導致或與預期的回報有所偏差的情況;而時間值損耗的因素會隨著產品愈接近到期日,影響力會較大,投資者亦需要多加注意。
如有任何關於認股證牛熊證的問題,歡迎與瑞銀認股證牛熊證團隊查詢。
更多窩輪牛熊資訊:瑞銀認股證牛熊證網站: http://www.ubs.com/hkwarrants
窩證教學及巿焦點況短片:
https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCKw86qy4eBAInmd52MND45Q?view_as=subscriber
謝宛彤
副董事
瑞銀亞洲股票衍生產品銷售部
本產品並無抵押品。 如發行人無力償債或違約,投資者可能無法收回部份或全部應收款項。筆者為UBS AG的代表(作為證監會持牌人),並未持有相關上市公司的任何財務權益。本資料由瑞銀刊發,其並不構成買賣建議、邀請、要約或遊說。結構性產品價格可急升或急跌,投資者可能會蒙受全盤損失。過往表現並不反映將來表現。牛熊證備強制贖回機制而可能被提早終止,屆時 (i) N類牛熊證投資者將不獲發任何金額;而(ii) R類牛熊證之剩餘價值可能為零。投資前應瞭解有關風險,並諮詢專業顧問及查閱有關上市檔。UBS Securities Hong Kong Limited為結構性產品之流通量提供者,亦可能是唯一報價者或巿場參與者。(C) UBS 2022。版權所有。~
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