煤炭:業績有望創新高,2022高景氣或延續
本文來自格隆匯專欄:中信證券研究,作者:祖國鵬
2021年煤價創出歷史新高,行業利潤大幅擴張,預計平均業績增速接近80%,同時股息率也有望保持吸引力。預計2022年煤價雖有波動,但整體維持高位,疊加長協價大概率提漲,預計板塊景氣依然維持高位,目前板塊估值處於歷史低位。在業績預期向好、宏觀經濟預期企穩的背景下,龍頭公司的估值修復有望進一步推進。
▍2021年各煤種均價大幅上漲,坑口動力煤漲幅最大,焦炭價格漲幅最小。
2021年在需求大幅增長、產量缺乏彈性的背景下,煤炭供需錯配明顯,煤價大幅上漲,各類煤種平均價格漲幅接近70%,其中內蒙等地坑口動力煤價格漲幅超過1倍,北方港口5500大卡標杆動力煤2021年均價為1023元,同比漲幅超過80%。焦炭平均價格同比上漲52%,漲幅相對最小。
▍2021年主流公司業績或大幅增長,股息率繼續保持吸引力。
國家統計局數據顯示,2021年前11月全國規模以上煤炭開採和洗選業實現利潤總額6473.60億元,同比增長226%。從總體淨利潤水平看,我們主要跟蹤的煤炭開採上市公司2021年全年業績同比增速為78%(若剔除業績佔比較大的中國神華,業績同比增速為122%),其中動力煤/焦煤/無煙煤主要公司業績同比增速分別為+64.51%/ +60.75%/+224.82%。已發佈預吿的焦炭類公司,業績預增也都在2.5倍以上。我們以2021年淨利潤預測為基準,假設公司維持2020年或者承諾的分紅率水平,主要煤炭開採公司平均股息率有望達到6.45%。
▍預計2022年煤炭景氣雖有波動,但依然會維持高位。
2022年或是煤價向中期均衡價格迴歸的一年,在經歷了2021年需求大幅增長後,預計2022年工業用電及地產政策放鬆的效應對煤炭需求依然有支撐,行業或呈現供需雙旺的格局,但會從極端的供給緊張迴歸供需平衡,2022年動力煤市場均價或回落至850~900元/噸的水平,同比降幅在12~15%左右,但依然維持高位。由於年度長協價格有一定的提漲空間,疊加產量增長,龍頭上市公司2022年業績或依然有增長。
▍風險因素:
宏觀經濟增速放緩,影響煤炭需求;供給集中釋放壓制煤價等。
▍投資策略:年報業績預期催化下,板塊估值修復行情或進一步強化。
從目前煤價預期看,煤炭企業2021Q4及2022年業績依然有望維持高位。主流龍頭上市公司2021年全年業績預期對應PE估值在6x左右,估值有吸引力。隨着安監恢復常態以及宏觀經濟預期的改善,2022年煤價預期並不悲觀,再加上部分煤炭企業2021年業績預吿向好以及企業轉型的逐步推進,預計都將有效改善市場情緒,成為強化板塊行情的催化劑。我們推薦積極向新能源轉型的華陽股份、電投能源,以及業績向好的晉控煤業、陝西煤業等。
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