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美國GDP數據不及預期,股市爲何仍全線上漲?

來源:wind

10月28日,美股三大指數開盤走高,雖然剛剛公佈的美國三季度GDP不及預期,但是主要公司的強勁收益提振了股市。

道瓊斯工業指數上漲140點,漲幅0.4%。標準普爾500指數和納斯達克綜合指數均上漲約0.5%。福特汽車Q3業績超預期,股價大漲超9%。公司表示,三季度半導體供應增加使其得以提高產量。

超出預期的業績緩解了市場對供應鏈困難會影響利潤的擔憂,推動10月份股市走高。美股財報季仍在繼續,亞馬遜(Amazon)和蘋果(Apple)將在收盤後公佈財報。瑞銀全球財富管理(UBS Global Wealth Management)多資產策略師Kiran Ganesh表示,獲利增長非常強勁。

對經濟來說,一個更爲積極的消息是,上週初請失業金人數爲28.1萬人。接受市場調查的經濟學家預計有28.9萬人申請失業救濟。

數據顯示,目前標準普爾500指數成份股中有近40%公司已經公佈收益,其中超過80%公司超過華爾街預期。標準普爾500指數成份股公司第三季度利潤預計將增長約37.6%。

德意志銀行(Deutsche Bank)主題研究主管吉姆•裏德(Jim Reid)在表示:

盈利起到幫助作用,並提醒人們,迄今爲止,美股財報表現好於長期平均水平。

與整個9月和10月初出現的滯脹悲觀故事相比,它仍然更加健康,因此市場出現反彈。

美國經濟在第三季度增長2.0%,但新冠病毒的Delta變種和供應問題抑制了增長。與今年早些時候的強勁增長相比,這一速度明顯放緩。今年第一季度,國內生產總值(GDP)以6.3%的歷史速度增長,第二季度增長6.7%,這得益於政府刺激措施的注入、大量企業重新開業以及疫苗接生率的上升,這些都推動了支出。

從7月到9月,這些支出驅動因素逐漸減弱。今年夏季還出現兩個影響第三季度增長的因素:病毒病例激增和供應瓶頸加劇。美國商務部(Commerce Department)週四公佈的第三季度國內生產總值(GDP)預估顯示,第三季度消費者支出按年率計算增長1.6%,較上一季度12%的增幅大幅放緩。這反映出耐用品支出疲軟,而耐用品的供應受到限制。

供應鏈中斷,如美國港口的備份和海外製造業的中斷,導致通脹急劇上升,並給經濟前景帶來風險。儘管供應方面面臨挑戰,但許多分析師預計,只要新冠肺炎病例繼續下降,經濟就會在今年最後幾個月重新獲得動力。

美國北方信託銀行(Northern Trust)首席經濟學家卡爾•坦南鮑姆(Carl Tannenbaum)表示:

冠狀病毒的復甦給我們帶來一系列臨時障礙,在接下來幾個季度裏,這些障礙應該會緩解。

由於幾輪聯邦刺激計劃帶來的工資上漲和儲蓄積累,購物者在這個假日季很有可能打開錢包。根據商務部數據,8月份美國人儲蓄摺合成年率爲1.7萬億美元,高於2020年2月的1.4萬億美元。

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