10月銀行策略:進入四季度,對銀行股可以樂觀些
本文來自:志明看金融,作者:廖志明
經濟走勢及預期是今年銀行股價變化的關鍵。覆盤2021年初以來銀行股走勢,一季度經濟明顯復甦,銀行板塊表現亮眼,年初-3月16日收盤期間銀行指數(中信)漲幅達13.9%。5月底-7月底期間,市場對經濟下行預期升温疊加機構資金“虹吸效應”(新能源板塊表現亮眼)等,銀行板塊大幅回調,這期間銀行板塊跌幅超15%。7月份部分上市銀行發佈了業績較好的中報業績快報,但並未如預期那般帶來銀行股中報行情。8月下旬銀行股中報業績陸續披露,卻上演了中報落地即股價回調的一幕。9月上旬銀行板塊企穩,估值略微修復;9月中旬以來,因個別大房企流動性危機引發市場對銀行板塊的擔憂,銀行板塊股價又明顯回落。

經濟下行期銀行難有大行情,但或有相對收益。覆盤過去十年銀行股走勢,經濟下行期銀行股難有板塊性大行情,例外為2014年四季度,當時為經濟下行疊加利率下行且市場預期後續貨幣政策大幅寬鬆;其餘經濟下行期銀行板塊跑贏大盤的主要為相對收益。展望下半年,經濟下行壓力加大,國內貨幣政策偏寬鬆但難以大幅寬鬆,社融增速維持低位,類似2018年下半年,銀行板塊或有相對收益。


進入四季度,對銀行股可以樂觀些。1)銀行板塊的低估值已反映悲觀預期。近幾個月銀行板塊明顯回調,當前銀行(中信)指數僅0.65倍PB估值,處於歷史低位,低估值反映相對悲觀的預期。2)我們預計本輪社融增速下行階段有望於9月份見底,後續有望低位企穩。經濟雖有下行壓力,但無需過度悲觀;個別房企流動性危機對銀行體系影響可控。3)四季度銀行板塊往往表現較好。過往十幾年來看,四季度銀行股往往表現較好。儘管經濟下行時期銀行股難有大行情,但低估值已經反映悲觀預期。經進入10月份,我們認為,銀行板塊估值有望低位企穩,對於銀行股可以樂觀些。

主推優質銀行。零售銀行基本面受經濟下行影響較小。當前,優質銀行估值已從高位明顯回落,性價比較高。我們主推近幾個月估值明顯回落的優質銀行-寧波、興業、平安、江蘇、常熟銀行等。
10月金股-寧波銀行:寧波銀行為城商行標杆,深耕長三角的高成長性銀行,資產質量持續保持優異,財富管理快速發展,ROE領跑上市銀行。寧波銀行1H21歸母淨利潤增速為21.37%,較1Q21提升2.77個百分點;營收增速為 25.21%,較1Q21下降0.43個百分點,營收和歸母淨利潤都保持高增速。1月23日寧波銀行發佈配股預案,擬募集資金不超過120億元,近期已拿到批文,有望近期實施。我們認為,配股對股價的影響已反映到位,近幾個月估值明顯回落,性價比凸顯。
10月金股-江蘇銀行:業績靚麗的江浙城商行。江蘇銀行地處江蘇,輻射長三角、珠三角等,區域優勢顯著。作為頭部城商行,1H21業績延續一季度高增速,歸母淨利潤與營收均高增長,業績靚麗。隨着零售轉型、財富管理業務發展帶動中收提升,有望躋身頭部上市銀行,資產質量靚麗。近期股價回落明顯,當前估值僅0.59倍PB(lf),性價比凸顯。
風險提示:金融讓利及信貸需求走弱,息差收窄;經濟下行壓力加大,資產質量惡化等。
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