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銀行股三龍頭一季報怎麼看?
格隆匯 04-26 11:18

本文來自:志明看金融,作者:廖志明

招行、平安、寧波銀行皆為A股銀行股一線龍頭,近期已披露一季報,業績非常靚麗,息差平穩或上升,資產質量優異且進一步改善。招行和寧波銀行ROE長期領跑上市銀行,平安銀行則見底回升。三者皆大幅發力財富管理,招行為財富管理領域領頭羊,平安快速崛起,寧波銀行起步雖晚但增長快。

盈利增速大幅上升,ROE回升

盈利增速大幅上升。經濟明顯復甦之下,疫情影響接近完全消退,1Q21營收增速向好,除平安21Q1營收增速較20年微降外,招行及寧行皆上升。營收增長較快系息差平穩資產規模擴張較快,21Q1招行/平安/寧行資產規模同比增速為12.7%/13.4%/23.5%。21Q1招行/平安/寧行盈利增速為15.2%/18.5%/18.3%,均較20年大幅上升。由於20年一季度盈利增速較高及後續走低,基於基數及實質基本面改善,我們預計1Q21為2021年內盈利增速相對低點,後續將進一步上升。

ROE回升。得益於盈利大幅增長,加權平均ROE均有所改善。21Q1招行加權平均ROE為三者最高,達19.5%;寧波次之,為17.9%;平安最低為10.9%。

息差平穩或上升,招行負債成本優勢顯著

息差平穩或上升。21Q1招行/平安/寧行淨息差為2.52%/2.87%/2.55%,招行和平安息差與20年基本相當,寧波則上升25BP,改善明顯。作為銀行股三龍頭,三者淨息差均為銀行板塊領先水平,優勢顯著;且21Q1息差走勢好於市場預期。

招行負債成本優勢顯著。2020年招行/平安/寧行計息負債成本率為1.73%/2.32%/2.14%,招行負債成本優勢最顯著,平安為三者中最高者。不過,平安銀行計息負債成本率自2018年以來下降明顯,與優勢銀行差距明顯縮小。

資產質量優異,且進一步改善

資產質量優異。招行/平安/寧行21Q1不良貸款率為1.02%/1.10%/0.79%,環比下降5/8/0BP;關注貸款率為0.73%/1.06%/0.36%,環比下降8/5/14BP,三者資產質量皆優異,且進一步改善。這説明疫情影響基本結束,經濟明顯復甦之下,銀行資產質量呈現穩中向好之態勢。

撥備較充裕。截至2021年 3月末,招行撥貸比4.48%,為三者中最高水平;寧波銀行為4.02%,平安銀行則為2.70%。招行和寧行撥備水平較高,21Q1保持平穩,平安撥貸比提升。

招行手續費及佣金淨收入領跑,平安零售AUM快速增長

財富管理大發力,平安銀行發展最快。截至2020年末,招行零售AUM達8.9萬億,為絕對的領頭羊,平安次之,為2.6萬億,寧波銀行則為0.5萬億元。從增速來看,截至2020年末,平安銀行零售AUM較2015年末增加了3.0倍,同期招行零售AUM增加了0.9倍,平安銀行發展迅速。2020年末平安銀行零售AUM同比增速達32.4%,招行及寧波則為20%左右。

得益於財富管理等貢獻,招行手續費及佣金淨收入佔比大幅領先。招行21Q1手續費及佣金淨收入達272億元,佔比達32.1%,遙遙領先。平安銀行21Q1手續費及佣金淨收入84.8億元,同口徑同比增速5.7%;寧波銀行為17.9億元,同口徑同比增速2.4%,增速較慢。

一季報業績催化,銀行板塊有望迎來新一輪估值修復

招行、平安、寧波銀行皆為A股銀行股一線龍頭,一季報業績非常靚麗,盈利增速大幅回升,息差平穩或上升,資產質量優異且進一步改善。招行和寧波銀行ROE長期領跑上市銀行,平安銀行則見底回升。展望全年,預計一季度為盈利增速相對低點,後續有望進一步走高。經濟明顯復甦,靚麗的一季報業績有望催化銀行板塊開啟新一輪估值修復行情。

當前位置,我們力推平安銀行及興業銀行,關注區域好、公司治理完善、戰略清晰、管理層能力較強且估值較低的長沙、成都、南京、常熟等。平安銀行依託集團及科技賦能,財富管理大發展,已崛起為零售銀行標杆,估值有望明顯提升,當前性價比凸顯。興業銀行財富銀行戰略清晰,零售AUM增長較快,市場化程度較高,近期因管理層可能的變化股價回調明顯,帶來低估值配置機會。

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