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《大行》國信證券:內地人身險預定利率下調 降險企剛性負債成本 建議關注平安、太保、友邦及國壽
國信證券發表報告表示,上週五(25日)中國保險行業協會組織召開人身保險業責任準備金評估利率專家諮詢委員會今年二季度例會,就宏觀經濟形勢、市場利率走勢和行業發展情況進行研究。保險業專家認爲當前普通型人身保險產品預定利率研究值爲1.99%,觸發今年以來首次人身險行業預定利率調整。根據中國人壽、中國平安發佈的公告,公司調整新備案保險產品的預定利率最高值,其中,普通型保險產品預定利率最高值爲2.0%,分紅型保險產品預定利率最高值爲1.75%,萬能型保險產品最低保證利率最高值爲1.0%,產品調整截至時間爲今年8月31日。 該行認爲行業具備短期保費收入放量、利差損風險收窄、投資收益預期改善等多重催化,疊加大盤風險偏好回升,利好內地保險股估值持續改善。短期看,預計本次預定利率的下調將帶動行業開啓新一輪「炒停售」,利好行業短期以分紅險爲代表的保費的快速放量。長期看,預定利率的動態調整將顯着優化人身險產品定價利率監管機制,提高行業預定利率調整效率,降低險企剛性負債成本,建議負債端綜合能力較強的關注中國平安(02318.HK)、中國太保(02601.HK)、友邦保險(01299.hk)、中國人壽(02628.HK)。 國信證券指,今年1月10日國家金融監管總局向業內下發《關於建立預定利率與市場利率掛鉤及動態調整機制有關事項的通知》,提出要建立預定利率與市場利率掛鉤及動態調整機制。按照《通知》要求,預定利率最高值取0.25%的整倍數;當公司在售普通型人身保險產品預定利率最高值連續兩個季度比預定利率研究值高25個基點及以上時,要及時下調新產品預定利率最高值,並在2個月內平穩做好新老產品切換工作。 年初以來,預定利率研究值經歷多次下調。2024年四季度爲2.34%,2025年首季度爲2.13%,本次下探至1.99%,與當前長端利率維持低位相匹配。目前,行業現行的普通型壽險、分紅險以及萬能險的預定利率水平上限分別爲2.5%、2.0%、1.5%。按照《通知》要求,現行普通型產品預定利率已連續兩個季度低於研究值25個基點以上,觸發下調機制。 該行指,國壽、平安人壽已公佈預定利率調整幅度,普通型產品、分紅險、萬能險預定利率將下調至2.0%、1.75%及1.0%,下調幅度爲50個基點、25個基點、50個基點,調整時間截至8月31日。該行預計行業將參照以上調整幅度進行人身險產品的切換。進入三季度,短期「炒停售」行爲或將持續拉昇保費收入,行業具備短期保費收入放量、利差損風險收窄、投資收益預期改善等多重催化。短期來看,預定利率的明確下調將帶動「炒停售」保費的持續擴張,對負債端持續改善預期提供明確支撐。 分紅險成爲當前行業應對「資產荒」和利率下行的關鍵工具。從本次預定利率降幅來看,普通壽險及萬能險降幅均爲50個基點,而分紅險則保持了25個基點的降幅。考慮到分紅險具備「保底+浮動」收益率的特點,在當前居民財富管理工具收益下行背景下,預計分紅險仍具備較強的市場競爭力。 近期內地長端利率觸底回升,30年期國債收益率由低位的1.84%回升至1.93%。險資固收類資產收益預期改善帶動利差損風險持續收窄,疊加預計三季度預定利率的進一步下調,利好壽險股估值提升。
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