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《大行》高盛:中區寫字樓空置率改善 較低HIBOR推動住房需求提升
高盛研究報告指,觀察到近幾週香港零售、寫字樓、住宅、金融及保險行業等不同領域有穩定或改善的跡象。該行看好太古地產(01972.HK)、九龍倉置業(01997.HK)、新地(00016.HK)、長實01113.HK)、港交所(00388.HK)、匯控00005.HK)及友邦(01299.HK),評級「買入」。 報告提及,受惠於較有利的基數比較和港匯走弱,本港零售銷售於2025年4月的情況持續改善,按年錄得負2.3%(1至2月和3月分別為負7.8%和負3.5%)。高盛指,該行覆蓋的「業主」對市場前景持謹慎樂觀態度,領展(00823.HK)指出改善跡象,但九龍倉置業則強調宏觀環境不確定及內地遊客消費行為結構性變化(追求體驗而非商品購買)的憂慮。高盛維持香港零售銷售即將反彈的觀點,預測2025財年零售租金將持平。 商廈租用率上,高盛指該板塊淨吸納量仍不穩定,5月躍升至增加19.2萬平方呎(3月和4月分別為負6.3萬和增3.97萬平方呎),讓空置率降至13.6%(4月為13.7%),多個地區空置率按月改善,例如中環、灣仔和銅鑼灣、尖沙咀、以及九龍東分別下降0.2至0.1個百分點,至11.6%、9%、7.8%、20.9%,惟香港東區上升0.2個百分點至14.2%。高盛認為,儘管吸納量增加及首次公開募股活動增多,消化空置仍需時間,預測2025和2026財年寫字樓租金按年分別下降5%及持平。 在住宅方面,根據CCL指數,近幾個月房價保持穩定。2025年5月一手及二手住宅交易量按年下降7%至4,900宗,相較去年2月取消購房限制後的高基數有所回落。該行認為較低的香港銀行同業拆息(HIBOR)有助於支撐住宅物業價格及降低發展商的借貸成本。儘管如此,考慮到購房負擔能力及約28,000個未售出的已落成單位(清空現有庫存需約20個月),高盛預計今年住宅價格將橫向發展,2026/27財年則分別升5%及6%。關於發展商盈利對HIBOR變動的敏感性,該行覆蓋的發展商通常有一半借貸基於HIBOR或美國利率。利率每下降100個基點,估計其基本盈利(不包括信置)將提升約2個百分點。另考慮到今年迄今發展物業銷售疲軟及利率假設,將恆隆地產(00101.HK)2025至2027財年每股盈利預測下調11%至17%,並將基於資產淨值的12個月目標價從9.1元下調至9元。 金融覆蓋方面,高盛指出,香港系統貸款增長今年至今保持穩定,存款按年增長高單位數百分比。銀行體系內流動性增加導致HIBOR下降,可能對銀行次季和上半年淨息差構成壓力。高盛預計,2025年上半年,一個月HIBOR平均下降約100個基點(按半年計),導致平均淨息差壓縮約20個基點。高盛預計HIBOR與聯邦基金利率(FFR)的差距將於今年餘下時間收窄。港交所股價今年迄今上漲約35%,受每股盈利上調十幾個百分點及估值擴張推動。該行認為,考慮到近期市場活動強勁,港交所仍被低估。此外,香港上市項目正在積累,估計中期內更多A股公司在港上市,將使2025財年現金股票日均交易額有約15%的潛在上行空間。在香港上市衍生品方面,新產品推出仍是推動日均交易量增長的核心。潛在的零日到期期權可能帶來約10%的整體期權日均交易量上行。在保險業方面,本地及離岸買家(特別是中國內地旅客)的需求保持穩定。大多數區域壽險公司在2025年第一季度報告香港銷售勢頭持續強勁。
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