6·29國常會有哪些新關切？
本文來自格隆匯專欄：宏觀大菲；作者：温彬 王靜文
國務院總理李強6月29日主持召開國務院常務會議，聽取進一步強化安全生產重大風險和事故隱患排查整治的彙報，審議通過《關於促進家居消費的若干措施》，審議通過《中華人民共和國領事保護與協助條例（草案）》，討論《中華人民共和國治安管理處罰法（修訂草案）》。
本期我們重點關注促進家居消費的若干措施。
會議指出，家居消費涉及領域多、上下游鏈條長、規模體量大，採取針對性措施加以提振，有利於帶動居民消費增長和經濟恢復。
通常來説，家居消費是指人們在購買和使用家居產品及服務方面所花費的費用，具體包括房屋裝修、傢俱、家電、家居飾品、家居保潔服務等。
僅以傢俱、家電和建材來看，2022年其年度銷售額達到1.2萬億元，佔社零比重接近3%，確實是消費中的重要組成部分。
不過，今年以來，商品消費大幅弱於服務消費，大額商品表現更為低迷。三類家居消費兩年平均增速均轉為負增長，前5個月佔社零比重已經下降至2.3%。
從央行二季度城鎮儲户調查問卷來看，目前消費仍然呈現出服務好於商品的補償性特徵。在“未來3個月打算增加的支出”中，選擇“旅遊”的佔比上升2個百分點至26%，是唯一的增加項；選擇“大額商品”的佔比下降1.2個百分點至17.7%，為歷史最低水平。
因此，需要採取多種措施，用好多個抓手，以帶動居民消費增長和經濟恢復。此前國常會已經就促進新能源汽車消費作出部署，此次將關注點轉向家居消費。
重點措施集中表現在兩個方面：從需求端，要打好政策組合拳，促進家居消費的政策要與老舊小區改造、住宅適老化改造、便民生活圈建設、完善廢舊物資回收網絡等政策銜接配合、協同發力，形成促消費的合力。
從供給端，要提高供給質量和水平，鼓勵企業提供更多個性化、定製化家居商品，進一步增強居民消費意願，助力生活品質改善。
需要指出的是，消費是收入的函數，家居消費又同房地產銷售密不可分。因此，除了上述措施之外，還應繼續加大就業支持力度，確保居民收入平穩增長，同時要優化房地產調控政策，通過降低購房成本、降低購房門檻等方式提振房地產消費。
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