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今夜21:30!聚焦美國1月CPI數據,市場該如何交易?
格隆匯 02-14 15:31

北京時間今日21:30,美國勞工部將公佈一月份CPI數據。值得注意的,此次CPI還是上週分項權重調整後的首個數據。分析認為,此次調整將給1月份的核心通脹率帶來上行壓力,不過有助於壓低其後的通脹率。

目前來看,經濟學家預計,在權重調整後,12月CPI環比上調至0.1%,1月CPI環比將上漲0.5%,同比將從6.5%降至6.2%;不包括食品和能源在內的核心CPI預計環比將上漲0.3%,同比將降至5.5%。

此前數據顯示,儘管美國通脹有所放緩,但勞動市場依然強勁。美國1月季調後非農就業人口51.7萬人,為2022年7月以來最大增幅,預期18.5萬人,前值22.3萬人。

受此影響,市場開始擔憂通脹壓力再起。2月份以來,全球股、債、商品、黃金等資產已經明顯回調,十年期美債利率也一度快速上行至3.7%以上。

如何交易CPI數據?

對於投資者應該在CPI公佈後如何交易,一項樂於做預測的摩根大通交易部門發佈CPI日的“交易計劃”:

預計1月美國CPI同比高於6.5%的概率為5%,標普500指數會在此情形下跌2.5%至3%;CPI介於6.4%至6.5%的概率為25%,標普500指數對應下跌0.75%至1.5%;CPI介於6%至6.3%的概率為65%,標普500指數將對應上漲1.5%至2%;CPI低於6%的概率為5%,標普500指數將對應上漲2.5%至3%。

數據顯示,市場目前預期為6.2%,也就是説,摩根大通交易部門認為,美國CPI大概率會與預期相差不大,美股相應上漲。

不過,如果CPI高於6.5%,該部門建議投資者拋售科技股和虛擬貨幣,同時購入美債和美元。

相比小摩,大摩則更關注環比。摩根士丹利預計,如果CPI環比上漲疲軟,比如上漲0.2%,那麼科技股和消費股將伴隨固定收益產品走高;如果出現類似0.6%的漲幅,將引發避險走勢,甚至那些能夠從通脹中受益的週期股也將下挫。

也有機構比較關注核心通脹。Sanders Morris Harris董事長George Ball表示:“任何低於5.5%的核心通脹數據都可能成為股市短期內上漲的催化劑,任何高於5.5%的數據都可能在極短期內被市場視為負面消息。”

與此同時,國內券商中金公司也在最新研報中指出,如果1月CPI低於市場一致預期,投資者可能轉為交易寬鬆,對美債、美股、黃金、商品與中國資產都可能提供支撐。

如果1月CPI通脹超預期,可能導致緊縮預期進一步升温,上述大類資產可能受到負面影響,美元暫時佔優。建議資產配置在CPI數據公佈前保持謹慎,如果資產價格明顯調整則增配黃金與美債。

對於國內市場,中金認為,如果海外市場出現擾動,或對國內市場情緒產生一定短期影響,但並不影響資產價格中期走勢。當前,增長效應、反轉效應與估值效應可能支持春季行情再啟動,股票相對其他大類資產相對佔優,重申超配A股港股,標配債券,風格偏向小盤成長。

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