人民日報海外版刊文:要破解罕見病「天價藥」難題 指政府應引導發揮作用
國家醫保局醫藥服務管理司原司長熊先軍在《人民日報》海外版發表題爲《破解罕見病「天價藥」難題》文章,指內地當前絕大多數罕見病藥品已經納入醫保範圍,還有極少數沒有納入,重要原因之一在於這些藥品價格太高,有的罕見病藥品年治療費用定價甚至在百萬元人民幣以上。
文章指,罕見病藥品研發費用高,這也是事實。但研發費用高不是罕見病藥品獨有的特徵,所有的創新藥物研發費用都很高,指研發費用是企業在定價時要考慮的一部分,但藥品價格與研發成本高低關係不大,最終由市場決定。如果企業方想賣高價,而市場無法接受,企業的報價就無法成爲市場價格。
從目前納入中國醫保目錄的藥品看,大多數罕見病藥品年費用達上萬元,有的達10萬元到20萬元人民幣不等,比一般藥品要貴。但是貴要有度,特別是藥品,作爲必需品,再貴不能超過一個市場的購買能力。如果企業所賣的價格太貴,超過了市場購買能力,藥就賣不出去,患者得不到治療,保障就無從談起。
從這幾年醫保談判的情況來看,罕見病藥品在中國是可以降到年費用30萬元人民幣以內的。隨着罕見病藥品競爭性增強,企業可能把藥品年費用降至30萬元人民幣以內。說明在競爭狀態下,企業在藥品定價低於30萬元人民幣時往往依然有利可圖。
文章指罕見病保障機制絕不是建立在天價藥基礎上的保障機制,也不是脫離現行的保障機制另搞一套,應該在現行的多層次醫保框架內發揮作用。罕見病保障機制應該是在基本醫保、大病保險、醫療救助的基礎上,通過政府引導,發揮慈善等社會力量的作用,使罕見病患者的負擔減輕。
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