粵開策略:醫保談判啟動,把握創新藥投資機會
本文來自:粵開崇利論市,作者:陳夢潔
事項:
11月9日,2021年國家醫保談判開始,本次醫保談判為期三天,至11月11日結束。根據《2021年國家醫保藥品目錄調整工作方案》,本次醫保藥品目錄調整將堅持“保障基本”,盡力而為、量力而行;堅持市場機制,以市場換價格;堅持“有進有出,騰籠換鳥”,提高保障能力;堅持科學調整,提升藥品目錄調整的科學化、精細化和規範化水平。本次目錄調整工作將於今年年底前完成,力爭2022年1月開始落地執行。
投資建議:建議把握創新藥、CXO投資機會
醫保談判作為藥品放量的重要催化劑,是銜接創新藥研發和商業化的重要一環。雖然納入醫保的代價為大幅讓利,但在量價博弈中,藥品往往能享受藥品進院的紅利和新增患者需求的提升,最終通過以量換價為品種帶來增量貢獻。
縱向對比歷史醫保談判,2018、2019和2020年談判的整體平均降幅達56.7%、60.7%和53.8%,與同期進行的國家藥品帶量採購的平均降幅接近,均在50%~60%之間。
根據《2021年國家醫保藥品目錄調整通過初步形式審查的申報藥品名單》,十餘款2021年獲批上市的品種納入本次醫保談判,包括PARP抑制劑、BTK抑制劑、ADC、CAR-T藥物等。此外,多款國產PD-1抑制劑攜帶新適應症再次衝擊醫保談判。本次醫保談判涉及的重點企業包括恆瑞醫藥、信達生物、百濟神州、榮昌生物、貝達藥業、復星醫藥、海思科、浙江醫藥等。建議投資者關注有望納入醫保的品種,但須警惕藥物過度降價的風險。
(1)恆瑞醫藥:卡瑞利珠單抗新獲批一線、三線鼻咽癌適應症,本次衝擊醫保有望拓寬適應症範圍;氟唑帕利是一款PARP抑制劑,用於既往經過二線及以上化療的伴有胚系BRCA突變的鉑敏感複發性卵巢癌、輸卵管癌或原發性腹膜癌患者的治療;海曲泊帕乙醇胺片用於因血小板減少和臨牀條件導致出血風險增加的既往對糖皮質激素、免疫球蛋白等治療反應不佳的慢性原發免疫性血小板減少症(ITP)成人患者,以及對免疫抑制治療療效不佳的重型再生障礙性貧血(SAA)成人患者。
(2)百濟神州:替雷利珠單抗新獲批一線鱗狀和非鱗狀非小細胞肺癌適應症,肺癌作為大適應症,百濟神州勢在必得;帕米帕利為一款PARP抑制劑,PARP抑制劑競爭趨於激烈,考慮到已有兩款PARP抑制劑納入醫保,納入醫保對藥物未來的放量十分關鍵。
(3)榮昌生物:泰它西普可同時抑制BLyS和APRIL兩個細胞因子,具有全新的藥物結構和雙靶點作用機制,用於治療系統性紅斑狼瘡、類風濕性關節炎等多種自身免疫疾病。維迪西妥單抗作為國內首款獲批胃癌適應症的HER-2ADC藥物,通過醫保談判公司可更好鞏固藥物市場地位。
(4)復星醫藥:阿基侖賽注射液是國內首款CD19 CAR-T細胞療法,用於治療接受過二線或以上系統治療後復發或難治性惰性非霍奇金淋巴瘤。CD19CAR-T競爭趨於激烈,高昂的售價限制了藥物的使用,納入醫保對於藥品的放量影響深遠。
(5)貝達藥業:恩沙替尼是一款ALK抑制劑,用於此前接受過克唑替尼治療後進展的或者對克唑替尼不耐受的ALK陽性的局部晚期或轉移性NSCLC患者。考慮到競爭對手塞瑞替尼已於2018年納入醫保,且勞拉替尼和布加替尼已處於臨牀Ⅲ期,此次恩沙替尼衝擊醫保至關重要。

風險提示:行業競爭激烈、藥品降價風險。
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