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中信證券:新型煙草監管壓力超預期,把握龍頭長期價值
格隆匯 03-23 09:00

本文來自微信公眾號:中信證券研究,作者:李鑫 康達 肖昊 郭韻

《徵求意見稿》的出台提升了政策走向專賣管理的可能性,但不意味着未來一定走向專賣管理。極端情形下思摩爾2021年淨利潤預期下修20%-25%,成長中樞由40%下修至30%左右,但後續經營確定性顯著提升,大幅回撤後建議積極配置。霧芯科技經營不確定性較大,靜待後續監管細則。

2021年3月22日,工信部、國家市場監督管理總局研究起草了《關於修改〈中華人民共和國煙草專賣法實施條例〉的決定(徵求意見稿)》,擬在《中華人民共和國煙草專賣法實施條例》附則中增加一條為第六十五條:“電子煙等新型煙草製品參照本條例中關於捲煙的有關規定執行。”監管政策超出市場預期。我們調整對於未來監管政策三情形分析框架如下:

極端情形:嚴格專賣管理,思摩爾業績預期下修25%-30%,中等概率發生。

極端情形下,假設霧化電子煙的監管最終成功納入《煙草專賣法實施條例》的執行範圍,國家對霧化電子煙的生產、銷售和進出口業務實行壟斷經營、統一管理,且類似於捲煙的模式,在生產、批發環節不對中煙體系外發放煙草專賣許可證。如此極端情形下,霧芯科技的國內經營料不復存在,思摩爾或僅在大陸保留霧化設備生產業務不接觸煙油,預計2021年思摩爾調整後淨利潤下調20%-25%左右至約45億,未來3年業績CAGR由40%左右下修至30%左右,之後經營確定性將顯著提升。

中性情形:中煙與民企共贏,思摩爾確定性顯著大於霧芯科技,此情形最大概率發生。

中性情形下,假設霧化電子煙的監管最終成功納入《煙草專賣法實施條例》的執行範圍,但是工信部及國家煙草專賣局有望對思摩爾、霧芯科技等頭部民營企業頒發煙草專賣許可證同時加税,或者中煙專賣但向思摩爾採購產品。此種情形下,霧芯科技經營不確定性及業績下修幅度顯著大於思摩爾,我們預期思摩爾收入端有望保持穩定,且後續經營確定性顯著提升,但利潤率預期存在下修可能性。

樂觀情形:監管轉向“註冊備案制+消費税”,龍頭估值顯著修復,小概率發生。

樂觀情形下,假設《煙草專賣法實施條例》的修改遇阻,國家轉而採用“註冊備案制+消費税”的方式監管霧化電子煙。此種情形下龍頭公司經營確定性大幅提升、領先地位進一步鞏固,收入預期保持穩定,估值有望顯著提升,霧芯科技估值彈性大於思摩爾。

風險因素:

監管嚴厲程度超預期;品牌端競爭加劇;霧化技術競爭及迭代加劇。

投資策略

考慮到監管細節尚不明朗,即便在極端情形下國內銷售仍存過渡期,思摩爾海外收入穩定,我們維持思摩爾及霧芯科技2020-22年盈利預測,維持思摩爾國際“買入”評級,下調霧芯科技至“持有”評級。考慮到長期視角下霧化仍有望成為人類攝取尼古丁主流方式,維持行業“強於大市”評級。

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