重點關注功率半導體在國內產業鏈中的變革
汽車半導體市場是近年來最有潛力的半導體應用市場之一,2019年中國已有四家新能源車公司躋身全球十大行列,這帶來了新能源汽車產業鏈的投資熱情,電動汽車尤其是純電動車的滲透率將持續快速提升,汽車內部結構變化帶來電子零部件價值量增加,其帶來的不僅僅是電機、電控及電池領域的增長,從內部零部件角度來説,汽車半導體升級空間廣闊:包括MCU、功率半導體(IGBT、MOSFET、SiC),傳感器(激光雷達、毫米波雷達、超聲波雷達和攝像頭CMOS傳感器),邏輯芯片(GPU、FPGA、ASIC、SoC),存儲芯片(NAND、LPDDR、SRAM等)和通信芯片。
汽車半導體在整車成本的佔比將會從2000年的18%飛速增長到2030年的45%。其中新能源汽車發展最為迅速,我們預計2025年中國新能源半導體中功率半導體價值量約124億元,主要為IGBT約為31億元,MOSFET約為43億元。微控制器MCU價值量約為98億元,其中,8bitMCU約為9億元,16bitMCU約為12億元,32bit約為65億元。傳感器領域中,毫米波雷達150億元,(長距離50億,中短距離100億元)激光雷達43億元,超聲波雷達72億元,攝像頭100億元。
在市場規模基數不斷擴大的基礎上,中國“十三五”乘用車市場保持中低速增長態勢,預計複合增長率為6%,2020年年銷售達到2895萬輛。雖然乘用車銷量增長速度緩慢,但是新能源汽車保有量持續上升,市場處於較快發展階段。以我國為例,中國新能源汽車行業在過去幾年內經歷了飛速的發展,正在從萌芽期向成長期邁進,其保有量在5年間增長9倍有餘。當前,由於科技和產業變革,新能源汽車已經成為汽車產業轉型升級的中堅力量,新能源汽車行業也迎來了前所未有的發展機遇。按照國家規劃的發展願景,2025年新能源汽車銷量有望突破500萬輛,保有量將在2000萬輛左右。
同時,中國新能源汽車市場增速高於全球。我們認為汽車新能源化帶來的價值和量有望同步升級,汽車半導體企業將深度受益於相關產業擴張所帶來的市場機遇。
我們建議重點關注功率半導體在國內產業鏈中的變革。我們看好國內企業通互相合作綁定建立虛擬IDM穩定商業模式,上下游整合資源,定製研發,相互協同並推進國內產業進一步做實發展。基於以上與公司狀況,國內汽車半導體領域的新潔能有望憑藉其商業模式和研發佈局實現可持續發展。
投資建議:聞泰科技(推薦),華虹半導體(推薦),斯達半導(推薦),新潔能(建議關注),韋爾股份(建議關注),思瑞浦(推薦)
風險提示:新冠疫情帶來的產能緊缺,半導體行業硅週期的風險,全球汽車芯片供應商產能供不應求,芯片供應商陸續漲價
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