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缺芯行情持續發酵,半導體芯片概念大爆發
格隆匯 01-18 15:08

今日午盤,申萬電子板塊領漲大盤,漲3.65%。半導體和芯片板塊大幅拉昇,思瑞浦、通富微電、中晶科技等封漲停板,韋爾股份一度漲停,股價最高至314.6元,再創歷史新高,市值已逼近2700億;立昂微、晶方科技、聞泰科技等漲超9%,聖邦股份、北方華創、長電科技等漲超8%。

自去年四季度以來,半導體芯片板塊就持續拉漲,多個龍頭公司股價持續創歷史新高。其中韋爾股份去年四季度至今漲幅已超60%,北方華創漲超46%,市值達1142億,卓勝微漲超76%,市值超1200億。

消息面上,美國對華為的芯片限制再生變故。外媒報道稱,特朗普政府已通知包括英特爾在內的華為供應商,將撤銷向華為供貨的某些特定許可,而且打算否決數十件許可申請。這可能是特朗普任期內針對華為的“最後一次行動”,也是對這家全球最大電信設備製造商“長期打壓”的最新行動。

消息一出,進一步導致了全球芯片缺貨行情發酵,芯片和半導體板塊隨之迅速拉昇。

中航證券認為,全球半導體產業鏈格局正在發生變化,中國半導體需求規模不斷擴大的同時,生產規模及全球市佔率也在不斷提升。根據SIA數據,目前中國國內市場佔全球半導體銷量60%。根據Credit Suisse的《中國半導體自主性調查報吿;現在與未來展望》報吿,預計2019-2024中國半導體制造業的複合增長率將以每年17%的速度增長。全球產業鏈格局的變化也將促進我國半導體產業鏈企業不斷提升競爭力。

2020年,我國半導體行業股權投資案例413起,投資金額超過1400億元人民幣,相比2019年約300億人民幣的投資額,增長近4倍,這也是中國半導體一級市場有史以來投資額最多的一年。

從細分方向來看,半導體設計公司仍然是投資重點,產業上游也受到資本更多的關注。2019年,材料和設備領域的投資比重是13%,2020年已經增長到19.2%。從2020年底到2021年,整個芯片產業遇到的最大問題是產能緊張,製造和封測進入了新一輪的漲價週期。

自去年四季度起,已有超過20家半導體及芯片企業發佈“調價函”,行業漲價幅度平均在10%~20%之間。聯電、格芯和世界先進等公司產品價格提高了約10%~15%,個別企業如得一微電子,其嵌入式存儲控制芯片價格上調50%。如新潔能、匯頂科技、華微電子、上海貝嶺、晶豐明源、富滿電子、華潤微等多家半導體廠商紛紛發佈調價通知函。

而漲價原因主要是由於上游原材料以及封裝成本持續上漲,且產能緊張、採購週期延長,產品成本大幅增加,故提升產品價格來分攤成本壓力。有市場機構預計,2021年的半導體及相關產品價格漲幅可能接近20%,“急單”價格漲幅甚至達40%。

根據全球半導體貿易統計數據,到2021年,全球半導體市場預計將增長超過8%,達到4690億美元(約合人民幣3萬億元)。

另外,由於5G的普及,半導體和傳感器的需求高漲。WSTS預計2020年存儲芯片銷售額將增長12.2%至1190億美元,其次是傳感器(增長7.4%)和邏輯芯片(增長6.5%)。WSTS認為存儲芯片也是2021年增長最快的類別,預測明年將大幅增長13.3%。

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