建滔積層板(1888.HK):覆銅板垂直一體化龍頭,受益行業漲價週期
機構:招商證券
四季度以來覆銅板行業景氣度不斷提高引發市場關注,我們近期又特邀建滔積層板公司領導對行業週期問題進行了跟蹤交流。我們認為行業將維持景氣上行趨勢,而建滔具備上下游垂直一體化能力、將受益於本輪漲價週期。
覆銅板跟蹤:自 Q4 起進入上行週期,預計 21Q1 漲價幅度超預期。覆銅板行業經歷了 16-17 年漲價大行情後,由於需求下降和行業追加擴產,18H2-20H1處於價格下行週期,尤其今年上半年受到疫情對供需的雙重影響,行業價格下跌至底部區域。覆盤 16-17 年漲價行情原因:1)銅箔/電子布/樹脂等主材產能因各種因素出現缺口、價格上漲推動覆銅板漲價;2)經濟復甦帶動覆銅板下游行業需求復甦為漲價提供核心動力。與之類似,20Q3 以來上游主材價格從底部大幅上漲,下游汽車、NB、家電等非通信類需求景氣復甦,帶動覆銅板價格隨之跟漲,當前價格水平已回到年初位置、部分中小廠售價相對於年中低點已有約 20%的漲幅,我們結合中高端市場產業調研判斷,預計行業價格在明年 1月份仍將超預期上漲(幅度超過 5%)。考慮明年行業整體擴產對供給端衝擊的減小,短期看 NB/家電等需求仍保持較好狀態,以及通信/服務器需求階段性復甦,汽車等需求好於今年且新品導入力度加大,覆銅板行業上行趨勢有望延續。
上游原材料跟蹤:下半年漲價行情猛烈,持續性仍需進一步跟蹤。回顧 16-17年漲價行情,銅箔、電子玻璃布、樹脂三大主材價格先後大漲並延續幾個季度,背後原因包括該等行業前期低盈利狀態下供給的出清、供給側改革,玻纖布窯爐檢修週期,以及需求端跟隨經濟復甦的全面改善。18 年開始原材料產能大幅開出、疊加行業需求反轉下行,三大主材價格持續大幅下跌,直至 2020 年上半年在疫情影響下,原材料廠商盈利水平已跌至歷史底部位置。但下半年以來受銅、石油等大宗商品漲價推動,疊加新能源需求拉動銅箔加工費上漲,銅箔、玻璃布、樹脂等價格開始大幅上漲,其中銅箔加工費相比上半年已有 50%以上增長,玻璃布和樹脂產品價格亦大幅上漲。但我們本週觀察到液體環氧樹脂報價較前一週下調 5%,較 11 月份本年高值下調 27%,我們認為本輪三大主材漲價的本質並不是行業供給處於緊缺狀態,而是行業在經歷了幾年低盈利狀態洗牌後,隨着供需邊際改善、疊加大宗商品漲價週期推動下,廠商開始週期性調升價格來改善自身盈利水平,因此後續三大主材漲價的延續性仍要進一步跟蹤。
建滔積層板:垂直一體化佈局,受益行業漲價週期。建滔積層板主營覆銅板及上游原料、部分房地產業務。2019 年公司營收 183.8 億港元,歸屬公司股東淨利潤 24.9 億港元,據披露 2003-2009 年營收和利潤 CAGR 均約為 12%。2019年公司營收結構:FR4 佔 58%;紙基覆銅板佔 11%;上游物料佔 13%;房地產佔 9%;其他佔 9%。公司目前生產覆銅板所需的三大原材料實現自供、剩餘小部分外銷,這種垂直整合的經營模式有利於同時賺取上下游輪番漲價帶來的利潤。產能方面,當前公司覆銅板產能全線打滿、月產量近 1200 萬張(年初產量約為 500 萬,21 年初將新增約 80 萬張/月產能),其中家電/汽車/NB/通信/消費/其它收入各佔約 15%/20%/20%/20%/15%/10%。價格方面,公司截止 12月份覆銅板售價相對上半年低位有約 25-30%提升,銅箔加工費相對年初已翻倍、玻璃布和樹脂售價亦有近 50%漲幅。公司預計明年一季度覆銅板售價繼續調漲、原材料售價待觀察。盈利方面,當前公司月度盈利水平相比於年初已有大幅提升,但利潤的提升主要還是來自於原材料環節的優勢、覆銅板漲價的貢獻度仍低,隨着覆銅板產品跟進漲價的落地,公司 21Q1 盈利水平有望提升。
投資建議。我們認為明年行業下游有望迎來多重需求共振、為覆銅板價格上漲提供支撐,尤其明年 Q1 覆銅板環節對上游主材漲價的適應度提升、而自身產品漲價更加充分,有望迎來盈利彈性。而建滔實現銅箔、玻璃布、樹脂三大原材料和覆銅板垂直一體化整合,後續表現亦值得關注。
風險因素:行業需求不達預期,行業競爭加劇,盈利能力不及預期。
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