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IMF呼吁全球各国加大公共投资,以创造数千万个就业机会
格隆汇 10-06 10:51

来源:腾讯美股

国际货币基金组织(IMF)周一表示,在新冠病毒大流行带来巨大冲击之后,各国政府应该加大公共投资力度以提振经济。

全球经济已经由于此次公共卫生危机而遭到严重破坏,服务业陷入停滞状态,许多人都在担心自己的工作,政府债务水平飙升。

第二波新冠病毒疫情爆发

国际货币基金组织曾在6月份预测,2020年全球GDP将会收缩4.9%,但现在看来降幅可能会更大,因为许多国家的政府现在正在应对第二波疫情爆发的局面。现在,国际货币基金组织呼吁各国政府增加公共投资,以帮助经济复苏并创造就业机会。

“对于发达和新兴市场经济体来说,在这些经济体中,如果将公共投资在GDP总额中所占比例提高1%,则将直接创造出700万个就业机会;如果考虑到间接的宏观经济影响,则总共将可创造出2000万至3300万个就业机会。”国际货币基金组织在其最新预测中表示。

在计算高度不确定时期的“公共投资放大效应”时,国际货币基金组织表示,如果投资质量高,并且现有的公共和私人债务负担不会削弱私营部门对刺激措施的反应,那么“增加相当于GDP总额1%的公共投资可以增强人们对经济复苏的信心,并在两年后推动GDP提高2.7%,私人投资增加10%,就业增加1.2%”。

该组织补充称,当各国政府加大公共投资力度时,它们就会发出“致力于增长和稳定”的信号,这往往也会促进私人投资。

另外,国际货币基金组织还表示,对于容易获得融资的国家来说,“借钱为高质量的公共投资融资将是一个有效的策略,因为全球利率下降降低了投资项目受益的门槛”。

克里斯塔琳娜·格奥尔基耶娃(Kristalina Georgieva)领导下的国际货币基金组织表示,举债困难的国家应该计划逐步增加公共投资,可能需要重新分配当前支出或寻找新的收入来源。

资金应该投入哪些领域?

国际货币基金组织建议,应该将更多的资金投入医疗保健、社会住房、数字化和环境保护等领域。

该组织补充称,投资于数字基础设施将是“至关重要的”,这样以来政府就可以促进社会距离侦测,同时缩小社会内部的数字鸿沟。

“即使存在社会距离,公共投资也是可行的。如果各国政府采取四项措施,公共投资就可以迅速到位。”该组织说道。

这些措施包括立即投资于维护,审查并重新启动有前景的项目,加快正在筹备中的项目以便在未来两年内实现这,以及开始规划与危机后优先事项相一致的新项目等。

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