如何看待海天味業“跳水”
作者:周科競
來源:北京商報
9月3日,海天味業(603288)在股價創出歷史新高之後大幅跳水的走勢引起市場的高度關注。雖然説海天味業業績很好,是名副其實的醬油之王,但是目前超90倍的市盈率已經很難定義為低估值水平。尤其是在海天味業高台跳水之後,很可能意味着多殺多的格局顯現,投資者應警惕未來可能出現的更大風險。
食品飲料股票之所以股價長期走牛,與公募基金的集中持有密不可分。幾種不同的力量買入少數股票,俗稱機構的抱團取暖,讓被購買的標的股的市盈率和估值水平都到了一個很高的程度,雖然説機構投資者預期這些公司未來的業績還會繼續增長,但畢竟持續的慢牛走勢之下,以海天味業為代表的消費藍籌股已經積攢了很多的獲利盤,如果有任何的風吹草動,這些個股中有的股票股價就可能開始出現鬆動,緊接着會有更多的資金選擇撤離,於是引發股價進一步回調,最終形成高台跳水的走勢。
對於這樣的走勢,受傷最嚴重的還是中小投資者,畢竟機構投資者買入這些股票的成本很低,即使是高台跳水,機構投資者依然是利潤豐厚,但是中小投資者一般都是看到股價持續走高之後才追漲買入,他們的持股成本相對更高,一旦股價高台跳水,就有可能出現投資虧損。最重要的是,這對於中小投資者的價值投資理念打擊很大,不排除中小投資者重新回到投機炒作的錯誤道路上。
交易行情顯示,今年以來海天味業的股價區間累計漲幅已經超過一倍,而同期大盤的漲幅僅有不到11%。今年受疫情影響,消費類個股受到市場熱捧,機構的抱團讓消費類個股的股價持續走高,尤其是在近期中報披露之後,消費類個股更是出現了加速上揚的情況。股價上漲肯定是好事,但投資者也要注意其中的風險,尤其是那些在近期才剛剛買入消費類個股的投資者,需要考慮更多的應該是投資風險。諸如,在股價已經翻倍的基礎上,海天味業目前最新的市值是5995億元,對應的市盈率是92.2倍,對於一隻食品飲料行業個股來説,即便是考慮到龍頭股的溢價效應,目前的估值水平也很難説是低估。
本欄並非不看好消費類個股的未來發展,只是從投資風險的角度來看,目前消費類個股的投資性價比已經並不划算。對於一些獲利頗豐的投資者而言,很可能隨時選擇獲利出逃,然後去重新佈局估值合理,更具備安全邊際的行業股票。
而且,以海天味業為代表的消費類個股股價持續上行的主要動力在於機構的扎堆,在股價上行過程中,機構的抱團取暖對穩定股價、鎖定籌碼有很大的好處。但在高估值區間,眾多的機構對海天味業後續的股價走勢一定會出現預判上的分歧,就比如9月3日的盤中放量大跳水,相信一定有機構選擇了落袋為安。而當機構出現分歧的時候,消費類個股的上行動力就會大大減弱,甚至開始承受各路機構出逃的拋壓,其中的投資風險需要投資者格外注意。
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