16家上市豬企上半年營收淨利雙增:供應偏緊、豬價維持高位
作者:陳凌瑤
來源:澎湃新聞
在生豬供給持續偏緊、豬價保持高位背景下,多家豬企上半年業績喜人。
Wind數據顯示,25家涉及豬產業的上市公司中,16家企業上半年營業收入、淨利潤雙增,超過半數企業淨利潤實現翻倍增長,其中牧原股份(002714)、正邦科技(002157)、羅牛山(000735)、天邦股份(002124)4家較去年同期扭虧,僅有振靜股份(603477)1家企業上半年虧損。
具體來看,新希望(000876)、雙匯發展(000895)、温氏股份(300498)、牧原股份和正邦科技上半年營收位居上市豬企前五位,分別為446.96億元、363.48億元、359.57億元、210.33億元和165.51億元,同比增幅分別為18.8%、23.74%、27.75%、51%和10.88%。
盈利能力方面,牧原股份以107.84億元的淨利潤在上市豬企中保持領先地位,較去年同期增長7026%。温氏股份、新希望、雙匯發展和正邦股份四家位列其後,上半年淨利潤分別為41.53億元、31.64億元和30.41億元,同比增幅分別為200.3%、102.6%、26.7%和979.2%。
對於業績大幅增長,牧原股份表示,受非洲豬瘟疫情的持續影響,報告期內生豬市場供應形勢緊張,生豬價格持續高位運行,使其淨利潤明顯上升。同樣,多數豬企也都將豬價上漲列為淨利增長的主要原因。
記者梳理髮現,在豬價帶動下,25家上市豬企今年上半年淨利潤平均增長幅度達748%。除牧原股份外,還有多家企業淨利增幅超過十倍。大北農(002385)上半年實現淨利8.93億元,同比增長2556%;新五豐(600975)實現淨利1.49億元,同比增長2384%;傲農生物(603363)實現淨利3.38億元,同比增長1479%;正邦科技、金新農(002548)、天康生物(002100)等淨利增幅也接近1000%。

受非洲豬瘟影響,去年全國生豬出欄均價一路漲至41.96元/公斤,較以往歷史高點翻了近一番。今年以來,豬價雖有回調,但與往年相比仍處高位。據卓創資訊統計,今年上半年國內外三元生豬出欄均價34.73元/公斤,同比上漲142.87%,1-6月生豬自繁自養盈利均值高達2311.51元/頭。這也能夠解釋為何上市豬企上半年業績有大幅增長。
據農業農村部消息,7月份全國生豬存欄環比增長4.8%,連續6個月增長,同比增長13.1%。這是自2018年4月以來生豬存欄首次實現同比增長,也是繼今年6月能繁母豬存欄同比增長後,生豬產能恢復的又一個重要拐點。農業農村部畜牧獸醫局有關負責人表示,生豬存欄同比增長,預示着5至6個月後生豬出欄量也將實現同比增長,將從根本上扭轉市場供應偏緊的局面。
對於後續行情,開源證券研報顯示,8月豬價整體仍處於高位,由於臨近月底養殖公司為完成出欄目標加快出欄節奏,8月底豬價出現連續下跌。短期來看隨着9月初養殖場出欄節奏放緩,疊加步入“金九銀十”的消費旺季,豬價有望企穩。中期來看,今年四季度生豬供給預計逐步增加,尤其是春節後消費淡季時豬價或將明顯回落,考慮到生豬供給增加緩慢及當前養殖企業成本中樞大幅提升至18元/公斤左右,預計2021年豬價仍處於22元/公斤以上的高位,具備低成本優勢的頭部養殖企業未來兩年將實現快速擴張。
方正中期期貨分析師車紅婷分析稱,8月過後生豬出欄將開啟穩步增加的態勢,同時非瘟疫苗已進入到試生產階段,預計生豬存欄回升有更好的預期,屆時將對生豬市場價格長期壓力有望形成,產能釋放高峯期越來越近,因此短期生豬市場價格繼續走升空間有限,不過在養殖端飼料、防疫及仔豬成本較高支撐下,深跌空間有限,預計年內生豬價格中樞將維持高位。長期來看,隨着產能規模逐漸恢復,“豬週期”將進入下半場,自2020年末至明年,甚至更長時間豬價預計都將處於漫長的下行週期內。
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