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IPO半年報丨醫藥股、冷門股大爆發,下半年預計70隻新股上市,醫藥、TMT會繼續成為市場亮點

新股概覽:上市數量降低,但集資額增加

受到新冠肺炎疫情爆發影響,2020年上半年香港新股上市數量出現下跌。若剔除介紹等非公開方式上市、創業板轉主機板上市新股(下同),上半年可公開認購的新股為59,較去年同期的74隻同比下降20%,其中2月、5月、6月的降幅都比較明顯。

集資金額來看,上半年共861億港元,比去年同期的718億港元增長20%,主要是受惠於京東、網易這兩隻龐大的第二上市新股,集資額分別高達300億和242億,佔據了整體集資額的63%。

根據德勤報告,憑藉這兩隻回歸的超大型中概股,港交所的集資額重返全球第三寶座。

新股表現:市場情緒回暖,醫藥股大爆發

上市首日表現來看,上半年的平均升幅14%,高於去年同期的4.5%,從圖中可以明顯看到,自2月的低谷後市場情緒明顯回暖,月度平均升幅逐漸攀升,5月更是高達56%。

其中升幅前五的都是小市值新股,Ritamix、智中國際均收升176%。但是從絕對收益來看,最賺錢的新股是沛嘉醫療,1手可賺1萬以上,緊隨其後的是康方生物和康基醫療。

如果定義上市首日收盤價低於發行價為破發,則上半年的破發率為42%,略高於去年同期的39%。但從月度數據來看,從1月到5月是逐月降低的,6月又有所回升。

從申購積極性來看,平均每一隻新股認購帳戶數約6.4萬,明顯火熱起來,認購最火爆的是康基醫療,超過41萬戶,認購最冷的是生興控股,不到3000戶。

打新規律:精選優質股,激進搏冷門

一般來說,認購倍數越高,說明投資者越看好,首日會有較好的表現。根據uSMART友信智投的統計,2019年公開發售的認購倍數多少與首日升跌大致呈正相關關係,也就是認購倍數越大,上升概率越大。

但是由於新股存在回撥機制,認購倍數越高回撥比例越大,從而導致分配給散戶的股數增多,反而不利於股價走勢,但也要視股票本身質地和大市環境而言。

從認購倍數來看,上半年新股表現明顯呈“走兩個極端”規律。

從下圖可以看到,認購倍數在15倍以內的新股有19隻,上升比例達到68%認購200倍以上的新股有12隻,無一破發

認購200倍以上的新股平均升33%,這一檔新股一般又分兩類,一是沛嘉醫療、康基醫療等這類基本面優秀的明星股,其餘是素質一般但由於行業等某些因素被市場猛炒的小盤股,如興業物聯、燁星集團、新石文化、移卡。

如果採用盲打策略,上半年的每一隻新股都申購並中簽一手,調整中簽率後的期望總收益大概有6000港元。

所以,上半年的打新策略相對簡單,跟著市場熱度走,精選優質股並重點申購就能獲得較好的收益,激進的投資者也可以搏冷申購冷門股。

後市展望:全年約130隻新股,生物醫藥是亮點

雖然新冠疫情對部分行業造成衝擊,拖累了上市進度,但可以看到二季度開始進程在慢慢加快,7月份將至少有24隻新股上市,預計全年香港新股市場表現將保持整體穩定。

根據德勤報告,預計2020年將有130隻新股上市,集資1600-2200億港元。同股不同權公司和第二上市公司將於8月被納入恒指和國企指數,對中概股回港上市有促進作用,預計下半年還可能有3-6隻中概股回港,根據此前新聞報導,百勝中國、中通、萬國資料、百度等正在籌劃二次上市。此外,醫療、生物科技、TMT新股會繼續成為市場亮點。

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