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海底撈(06862.HK):最大市值中餐品牌,持續加密、模型穩定,首次評級為“推薦”,目標價40港元
格隆匯 04-27 10:28

機構:華創證券

評級:推薦(首次)

目標價:40港元

品牌力強大,門店加密速度快,模型穩定。中餐上市公司估值明顯分化,海底撈遙遙領先。1994年成立於四川簡陽的海底撈一路北上,在西安、北京真正發家,通過極致服務樹立口碑,12年後進入商圈、15年後大規模轉向24小時門店。品牌創立前21年只有146家門店,此後加速開店,2017年淨新增99家,18年193家,19年淨新增更達到302家,門店總數達到768家;超高速加密的同時,最核心的景氣度指標——同店翻枱穩定,實現模型線性外推,收入、利潤快速增長。

2019年全年營收淨利穩定增長。2019年公司實現主營業務收入265.56億,同比增長56.5%,期內實現淨利潤23.4億,同比增長42.4%,淨利潤率8.84%。

同店翻枱穩定,維繫估值;sss增長放緩,三線城市與海外表現更好:同店數量增加至233家,sss/同店銷售額+1.6%(19H為+4.7%),其中一二線城市略有下降(-0.2%,-0.9%),三線錄得8.3%同店增長。同店翻枱維持5.2次不變,一二線城市均有0.1次下降(5.2→5.1;5.4→5.3),三線和海外錄得上行(4.9→5.2;4.0→4.4)。

營收增長由客單價提升貢獻,新開門店翻枱略有下行。餐廳平均翻枱4.8次(2018年5次),其中新開門店4.1次(2018年為4.5次),現有門店4.9次(2018年為5.2次);按城市劃分,則三線城市翻枱幾無變化,一二線城市在高速加密下均出現0.4次翻枱下降。考慮公司加密速度,翻枱數據表現依然亮眼。ASP從2018年101.1元提升到105.2元,大陸門店均實現客單正增長。外賣銷售佔比1.7%,食材及調味料銷售佔比1.9%,其餘主要為餐廳收入。

成本費用控制得當,模型穩定:食品CPI上行,食材成本佔比增長至42.3%(19年為40.9%);員工成本佔比30.1%(19年為29.6%)基本穩定;租金佔比0.9%,還原會計準則影響後租金佔比仍大幅低於行業平均。“馥海”受益於頤海自熱火鍋業務增長,聯營企業受益增加;期內公司決定收購漢舍及HaoNoodles。

疫情影響:公司1月26日起全國停業,2月15日恢復部分門店外賣,3月12日起全國陸續恢復堂食,當前堂食恢復逾9成;預計疫情主要影響上半年開店節奏,全年開店規劃保持不變;對於中長期競爭力和開店空間基本無影響。

盈利預測:考慮到公司在火鍋這個中餐最易標準化、可複製的賽道市佔率第一,品牌力強大,經營穩定,公司全產業鏈佈局完善,護城河深厚。在空前的加密速度下仍然保持着良好的模型穩定性,並維持中長期每年新增200-300家店鋪的空間判斷。我們預計公司2020年、2021年EPS分別為0.42元、0.99元,分別同比降低5.4%,同比增長137.3%。當前股價對應PE分別為78倍和33倍。短期來看,2020年上半年餐廳堂食業績受疫情影響,利潤承壓;長期來看,既有財報反映出公司下沉仍然順利(新店1-3個月盈虧平衡、餐廳層面9-12個月可完成初始單店投資回收、2019年新店翻枱為4.1次;快速加密過程中,16-19年新開門店翻枱略降,但仍然遠好於同業水平),同時公司已儲備店長1300+,我們看好公司的進一步加密擴張。首次覆蓋給予公司2021年40港元(當前匯率)目標價,對應40倍PE,給予“推薦”評級

風險提示:疫情後續擴散超預期;食品安全風險;同店翻枱下滑超預期。

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