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中国财险(02328.HK)财险盈利周期回暖龙头高弹性增长可期维持“买入”评级
格隆汇 08-05 17:29

机构:东吴证券

评级:买入

投资要点

财险盈利由承保+投资双轮驱动,业务模式简单清晰,优质龙头具备长期投资价值:海外财险行业大牛股聚集,2000年至今美国财险股累计收益率+336.7%,显著跑赢寿险(+133.8%)及大盘(+105.8%),我们认为,财险盈利模式简单清晰且稳定,赛道具备独特的优势:1)承保角度,财险业务普遍为一年期,承保盈亏直接反应在当期损益,而财险龙头竞争壁垒较高(对销售端和服务链条的控制力),基本可保障承保盈利;2)投资角度,财险公司在负债端产品滚动投保的过程中产生“浮存金”,在负债端资金成本为负的前提下,投资端将获取可观投资收益;3)业绩角度:财险模式低负债成本叠加“浮存金”的投资杠杆,助力财险公司实现高ROE及业绩复利增长。与其他金融子行业(寿险、银行)相比,财险受长端利率走势和宏观经济变动影响较小,负债端具有明显的低成本优势。长期来看,目前中国财险行业的深度/密度仍低,承保杠杆显著高于美国等成熟市场,释放ROE长期高增长的红利;短期而言,目前中国财险行业正处于承保周期底部,拐点向上后具备高增长潜力。

中期盈利回暖!综合成本率优化+非车险持续高增+税优政策利好释放,业财险行业ROE高弹性增长可期:我们认为,财险行业盈利有望周期回暖,财险龙头盈利或将迎来拐点,ROE有望高弹性增长:1)综合成本率角度,短期来看,三季度开始,财险已赚保费形成率的负面影响将逐步消除,下半年综合成本率有望逐月改善;长期来看,车险三次费改启动将深化行业供给侧改革,未来赔付率提高+费用率降低的“跷跷板”效应将保证龙头公司综合成本率稳健,而更激烈的竞争环境将冲击中小公司市场份额及利润率,车险集中度仍将提升;2)保费角度,上市财险公司上半年保费有所回暖,主要源于非车险种持续高增,预计下半年新车销量在政策刺激+低基数下有望同比好转,利好全年保费增速持续回升;3)税收角度,2018年行业车险营销手续费普遍超标,导致所得税大幅增长冲击税后利润,手续费抵扣标准提升后,对中国财险/平安财险/太保财险的净利润弹性分别达18%、15%、25%,将显著增厚全年业绩。

公司财险保费增速+市占率同步出现向上拐点,财险龙头将强者更强:作为人保集团核心主业,中国财险坐拥悠久历史+品牌优势+集团资源,综合实力强劲:1))市场份额稳居第一:公司财险市场份额升至35.2%,较去年末+2.2pct.,保费增速和市占率同步出现向上拐点;2))渠道规模优势显著::拥有遍及全国城乡共1万多个机构网点,乡镇级网点覆盖率接近99%;3))非车险持续强劲增长:责任险、意健险、农险等险种将成为新增长引擎,其中农险承保盈利能力强,责任险发展空间较大。4))综合成本率低于行业、费用率优势显著:近五年平均综合成本率97.3%,平均费用率34.3%显著低于上市同业。我们认为,在综合成本率同比改善、非车险延续高增、税优政策释放盈利增量的多重因素影响下,公司今年业绩有望显著回暖,ROE或出现向上拐点。长期来看,龙头产险将显著受益于车险费改深化下的供给侧改革,财险龙头将强者更强。

盈利预测与投资评级:公司行业龙头地位稳固,未来随着车险费改推进,依托于综合服务能力及规模经济优势,相对竞争实力有望提升。中短期内,在非车险高增+已赚保费形成率因素逐步消除+税优政策释放盈利等多因素影响下,公司利润有望高弹性增长。预计公司2019、2020年分别实现归属于母公司股东净利润228.7、259.3亿元,同比分别+47.7%、+13.4%,目前估值1.08倍2019PB,看好公司强者更强、综合竞争力提高及市值发展空间可期,长期配置价值显著,维持“买入”评级。

风险提示:1)宏观经济持续低迷造成产险保费增速下滑;2)车险费改造成竞争加剧及利润下滑;3)意外灾害事件发生造成行业承保亏损。

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