航运行业深度研究聚焦IMO限硫令油轮上行催化进入验证期
机构：申万宏源
投资案件
结论和投资建议
• 维持油轮行业上行周期的判断，限硫令影响下船队安装脱硫塔7月份起有效运力收紧 运价有望提前与Q4旺季上涨。需求 端美国石油出口增加驱动运距上行，受新造船价格上行抑制长期供给，短期供给压力减小新船交付2020年大幅下降
• 上行周期来临，但幅度取决于美国原油运到远东的比例和限硫令导致的运力退出比例，美国原油出口增量部分目的地不同， 根据乐观、中性、悲观情形分别对应增量部分运距全部运至远东、维持18年运距、全部运至欧洲，对应2020年VLCC需求 增速为9.9%、5.7%、3.2%,对应2020年TCE预测 60000、40000、33000美元/天
• 高频数据验证（1）2019年1月至今，拆船量仅4艘，低于市场预期。（2）待安装脱硫塔的比例从年初10%上涨至20%， 略超市场预期。（3）新船订单趋势下行符合预期：1-5月新船订单仅10艘，同比下降77%。（4）运价弹性得到验证： Q1即期运价冲上3万略超预期，Q2即期市场淡季回落至1万美元/天左右，1年起期租租金上涨至34500美元/天水平
• 后续向上催化（1）G20会议中美预期改善（2）7月起船队安装脱硫塔，单月有效运力下降2.8%，TCE有望提前于旺季上 涨突破20000美元/天水平（3）19年Q4旺季有限硫令对供给影响，叠加美国石油出口增加，预计高于18年同期水平 • 继续看好油轮标的投资机会，重申中远海能“买入”评级，关注招商轮船
原因及逻辑
• 基于交付计划和船龄结构，预计19年VLCC供给增速6.3%，2020年供给增速2.3%-2.9%，对应新船交付4.8%，运力退出 2%-2.5%。
• 预计19年需求增速4.6%，2020年悲观、中性、乐观预期下VLCC需求增速为3.2%、5.7%、9.9%，三种情形分别对应美国 2020年原油出口增量部分（全部运至欧洲，维持18年运距，全部至远东）。
• 受安装脱硫塔船队临时退出影响，2019年2H和2019年1H，单月有效运力下降2-4%
有别于大众的认识
• 市场认为需求下行，油轮有较大压力
• 我们认为油轮需求侧美国石油出口增加带来的运距增加对海运需求的影响要高于市场担忧的原油需求下滑
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