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港股近期回調如何看?機構:外資意向未改,未來仍有望加倉

來源:戴清策略研究作者:戴清,汪昌江

港股經歷“開門紅”後,近期出現明顯調整。回調的原因既有預期兌現後的獲利了結情緒,也包括近期部分事件對市場風險偏好造成負面影響。站在當前時點,港股的配置價值出現了哪些邊際變化?本篇報告將主要通過對比港股和A股現階段的賠率與勝率,相應制定回調後的市場策略。

港股經歷兔年“開門紅”後,近期受內外因素共同影響而出現明顯調整。恆生指數上週累計下跌4.5%,此前受益於國內經濟復甦預期的板塊在上週多數出現明顯回調。本週一,港股延續下跌趨勢。造成回調的內因是前期利好已基本兌現,估值及風險溢價迴歸至合理水平;外部因素則是近期中美關係再度出現反覆,影響外資風險偏好。

從賠率上看,港股相對於A股的配置價值邊際減弱。目前恆指和滬深300指數前向12個月的預測P/E均修復至歷史平均水平附近,但港股風險溢價的下降程度較A股更多。部分板塊的樂觀預期計入比較充分,估值已然偏貴。

儘管如此,國內經濟復甦仍是中期市場主線,港股相對佔優的邏輯並未改變。對比以往國內經濟上行週期,港股的關注度和彈性通常好於A股市場,順週期行業相比A股能夠錄得超額回報。此外,美債收益率下行時期,港股相對於A股更爲敏感;十年期美債收益率下降10bp,港股平均上漲1.1%而A股平均上漲0.4%。後續來看,海外流動性邊際改善的大環境下,外資交易中國復甦的傾向並未改變,並在短期調整後仍有望繼續加倉港股。

策略上,我們對港股短期有以下主要觀點更新:

1)恆指2萬2千點是短期市場的心理關口,在缺乏催化的情形下衝破站穩較難,港股或圍繞這個位置附近進行盤整消化,以結構性行情爲主;

2)中美關係方面,暫不構成系統性風險,即使再度反覆,從歷史經驗來看,衝擊幅度約5~10%,2萬點附近或是底部區域;

3)前期上漲較快導致的技術性調整不構成中期趨勢的賣點。

國泰君安認爲,國內經濟修復的趨勢延續,後續將帶動港股企業盈利出現明顯上修,同時海外流動性復甦交易仍在進行中,指數估值有望修復至2022年初時的水平。催化劑是國內社融放量以及海外美聯儲政策轉向,時點可能在二季度前後。

行業配置上,延續逆境反轉,內外兼顧的策略;

1)國內消費復甦兩步走——消費鏈逆境反轉策略。從股價來看,消費場景復甦相關的大部分品種交易較爲充分,需要精選α個股。現階段建議關注汽車、消費電子等可選消費品種,其估值不貴,計入樂觀預期不足,仍然處在窪地,建議投資者積極關注。

2)“內外需蹊蹺板效應”——地產鏈逆境反轉策略。地產供給端“三箭齊發”,期待未來需求端政策。建議關注地產、金融、材料等行業。

3)海外流動性反轉策略。2023年美國通脹趨勢性下行,流動性反轉交易已提前啓動,目前仍在進行中。關注與美債更爲敏感性行業,如港股創新藥、半導體、黃金等品種。

風險因素:1)國內擴內需政策力度不及預期;2)美聯儲緊縮超預期;3)中美緊張關係升溫,影響超預期。

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