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四重因素壓頂,恆生科指持續調整,何時走出低潮?

來源:光大海外,原研報標題《對近期恆生科技指數持續調整的點評》

今日,港股低開低走,恆指現跌1.4%,恆生科技指數跌超2%。科技股普跌,騰訊控股跌破290港元,創2018年12月底以來新低。

自7月以來,恆生科技指數累計跌幅超20%,納斯達克中國金龍指數累計跌幅超15%,主要受海外政治風險事件頻發、中美關係趨緊等多重因素影響。光大證券認爲,恆生科技指數經歷階段性調整主要有以下四方面原因:

  • 外部通脹高企,美聯儲加息預期升溫

1)8月26日傑克遜霍爾會議上,美聯儲主席鮑威爾釋放「最強鷹」信號,表示「FOMC的首要目標是要讓美國通脹率重新回到2%的目標水平」;

2)美國8月CPI回落程度不及預期,核心CPI超預期上行,顯示出美國通脹粘性仍然維持高位;

3)靜待美聯儲加息落地:截至9月14日Fed Watch數據顯示,美聯儲9月加息75bp的概率爲64%,加息100bp的概率爲36%;9月21日美聯儲FOMC將公佈利率決議,鮑威爾將召開貨幣政策新聞發佈會;該機構認爲,加息「靴子落地」後市場反應預期會相對平穩。

  • 中美大國博弈衝突加劇

1)7月底以來佩洛西竄訪臺灣事件持續發酵,外交部於8月5日宣佈針對佩洛西竄臺反制措施,中美關係也再度趨緊;

2)7月28日,美國「芯片法案」在衆議院正式通過,加速了對華的科技封鎖;

3)根據路透社等9月1日報道,英偉達、AMD接到美國政府通知,要求停止向中國出口高端GPU芯片;該機構認爲,我國數據中心建設成本和高精度計算能力將受影響,但自動駕駛雲端訓練短期受衝擊較小。

  • 中概股退市風險仍存

1)7月29日,阿裏巴巴等4家中概股企業被列入「預摘牌」名單,市場對中概股全面退市恐慌程度加劇;

2)8月26日,中美簽署審計監管合作協議,一定程度弱化中概股退市風險;但中美雙方表述存在一定偏差,市場普遍認爲未來審計監管合作並不會一帆風順;

3)關注中美審計合作後續進展:美國PCAOB於9月19日率先檢查阿裏巴巴、網易、百度、京東等互聯網巨頭的審計底稿,或於12月初宣佈審計檢查結果。

  • 港股科技板塊中報業績回落明顯

1)22H1恆生指數、恆生科技、恆生綜指、恆生綜指非金融的營收同比增速分別爲7.4%/2.4%/3.8%/7.0%,環比分別下降了6.2/14.1/7.8/6.8pct,恆生科技營收增速降幅最大;2)22H1恆生科技ROE(TTM)環比下降1.4pct至8.2%,系淨利率下滑拖累所致。

投資建議

港股科技板塊調整受四重因素疊加影響,市場情緒修復仍需要時間。展望四季度,內部環境有望邊際優化,外部環境依然承壓:

1)基本面角度,港股科技板塊Q2處於業績底部,Q3以來隨着疫情常態化、宏觀經濟邊際改善、節假日增多助推消費,企業降本增效力度加大下有望迎來業績釋放;

2)中概股方面,中美審計監管合作協議並沒有完全消除中概股退市風險,預計12月左右美國對中概股的審計底稿檢查結論將成爲合作協議推進的關鍵信號,同時仍需關注《外國公司問責加速法案》的落地情況;

3)海外政策方面,受美國22年中期選舉影響,海外政治風險事件未來可能還會出現,不排除會進一步出臺對華的限制性政策;

4)國內政策方面,平臺經濟政策暖風頻吹,「綠燈」政策有望持續推進,關注二十大對互聯網平臺企業的相關表述。

短期來看,利空因素仍未完全消化,預計板塊估值仍將維持低位震盪,建議把握估值擾動下的結構性行情:1)業績修復確定性強的頭部互聯網公司,推薦騰訊控股、新東方在線;2)關注半導體板塊國產替代機會,推薦上海復旦。

風險分析:宏觀經濟風險、政策監管風險、行業競爭加劇、用戶流失嚴重。

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