特斯拉拆股後能否重演暴漲神話?
自5月下旬以來,特斯拉(TSLA.US)的市值上漲了2800億美元。近期特斯拉再次拆股,爲多年來第二次,希望以此推動股價繼續上漲,但結果可能不會符合其預期。此次拆股將於8月25日(週四)美股開盤時生效。
暴漲神話難以再現
特斯拉2020年拆股時,在衆多因素的推動下,其股價當年上漲了7倍。
亞馬遜和谷歌母公司Alphabet近幾個月也實行了拆股,其後的股價表現顯示,這種曾經可靠的提振估值的策略正在熊市中失去作用。從宣佈分拆到生效當天,亞馬遜股價下跌了10%以上,而Alphabet下跌了21%。
Rainmaker Securities董事總經理兼聯合創始人Greg Martin表示:“在散戶涌入股市的牛市中,拆股的把戲更盛行。但在熊市中,散戶往往較少參與,而機構參與者絕不會傻到因拆股而買入某隻股票。”
自3月下旬宣佈拆分計劃以來,特斯拉的股價下跌了12%,與2020年從宣佈拆股到生效前一個交易日股價飆升60%相差甚遠。
在經濟衰退的威脅下,特斯拉等風險較高的成長型股票今年率先受到股市情緒惡化的影響。該股今年迄今下跌了16%,可能會出現2016年以來的首次年度下跌。從5月24日觸及一年低點以來,特斯拉週三收盤時已上漲42%。但由於散戶的熱情減退,該股的反彈在8月受阻。
根據Vanda Research的數據,投資者傾向於在分拆生效後的幾周內大幅減少買入股票。該公司認爲,這一次特斯拉也會遇到同樣的情況。
估值高企
除了投資者的情緒因素,特斯拉的高估值也可能使它更難上漲。目前它的預期市盈率約爲57倍,而標普500指數的市盈率爲17倍。分析師對該股的平均目標價意味着未來12個月它將下跌大約3%。
Grace Capital首席投資官Catherine Faddis表示,目前特斯拉的估值中包含了很多希望、投機、英雄崇拜之類的因素。投資者如果立即買入特斯拉,表明他們相信10年後該公司的營收可達到8000億美元,幾乎是今年預期的10倍。
特斯拉還面臨着一系列的挑戰,如汽車行業供應鏈持續短缺、原材料成本居高不下以及馬斯克與推特存在訴訟。它們都可能會對拆股後股價上漲造成阻礙。
不過,如果投資者情緒再次改善,特斯拉在散戶中的超高人氣可以確保它在短期內繼續上漲。
Rainmaker Securities的Martin稱,散戶的大力追捧對拆股後股價的走勢影響巨大。此外,特斯拉的拆分時機可能是幸運的,因爲美國的氣候投資法案將爲電動汽車行業創造大量的新需求,而特斯拉是行業的領導者。
特斯拉拆股之後,納斯達克100指數成分股將只有8只股票的股價超過500美元。經過今年的拋售和一系列的拆股,股價超過500美元的公司數量比年初減少了一半。
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