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資管巨頭貝萊德:央行將容忍一定程度的通脹,市場沒必要對加息過於緊張

全球最大資產管理機構貝萊德表示,市場對加息的預期過於鷹派,爲了保持經濟增長,央行最終將承受一定程度的通脹。

該公司稱,央行官員們可能會選擇應對更高的通脹,而不是大力抑制經濟增長。但即使美聯儲和歐洲央行的決策者們最終可能不像其他貨幣政策收緊時期那麼激進,投資者也會繼續緊張地期待央行對通脹“重拳出擊”,市場仍將緊張不安。

週一,貝萊德投資研究所負責人 Jean Biovin 在每週評論中寫道:

我們認爲,由於央行選擇與通脹共存,而不是抑制經濟增長,加息的總量最終將被證明是歷史最低水平。問題是,市場已經對央行有了鷹派預期,並會迅速察覺到過度緊縮的風險。

這讓我們在短期內對股市持中性看法。

歐洲央行本週四將召開利率決議,預計將在2022年下半年開始提高基準利率。歐洲央行行長拉加德上個月表示,歐元區正處於利率的“轉折點”。她還在歐洲央行網站上的一篇博客文章中寫道,歐洲央行將把利率從目前的-0.5%的水平提高。

美聯儲自3月以來已加息75個基點,市場預計還將在6月15日的會議上再次加息50個基點。貝萊德還表示,預計美聯儲將在2022年底使利率達到峯值。

美國和歐元區的消費者價格通脹正在升溫,4月份美國的CPI接近8.3%的歷史新高,歐元區的CPI也創下8.1%的歷史新高。歐元區的通脹主要是由能源和食品價格上漲推動的,而俄烏衝突使這一情況雪上加霜。

貝萊德指出:“在我們看來,隨着歐洲找到新的替代能源和食品來源,這種情況在中期內應該會消失。”美國的通脹範圍更廣,商品和能源價格同樣推動了通脹。貝萊德表示,美國通脹可能會持續下去,並在高於疫情之前的水平穩定下來。

貝萊德表示,在這兩個地區,從供應瓶頸到運輸和人員配置等一系列生產限制,已成爲通脹的主要驅動因素。

貝萊德還指出:

美聯儲和歐洲央行尚未承認,在試圖通過加息遏制這種通脹時,會出現一種尖銳的取捨:要麼抑制增長和就業,要麼忍受比疫情前更高的通脹。

我們不會看到通脹保持在2%附近、失業率保持在低位、經濟增長恢復上行趨勢的“金髮女孩(goldilocks)”結局。

這爲市場的過度緊縮預期留出了空間,所以貝萊德對股市持中性看法。

市場預計歐洲央行將持續加息至2023年,但貝萊德預計,歐洲央行將迅速把利率從負值區間提高,然後在歐洲能源危機引發經濟衰退之際暫停加息。

Biovin 還寫道:

我們正在尋找跡象,表明各國央行承認,爲了保持增長,可以接受一定程度的通脹。

未來幾個月,我們可能會看到另一次政策的急劇轉向,這次是鴿派政策。這將成爲推動股市上行、重新增持股票的催化劑。

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