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光伏股升勢繼續!短期反彈,還是長期反轉?
格隆匯 07-12 14:38

週五,新能源賽道股延續升勢,光伏概念、BC電池、儲能板塊走高。

截至發稿,光伏設備板塊升超2%,時創能源20CM升停,固德威升超14%,錦浪科技升超12%,禾邁股份、德業股份、陽光電源、上能電氣等紛紛大升。

自本週來,光伏板塊開始反彈回升,周內累升超7%。

資金流向上,光伏設備板塊淨流入居前,目前淨流入超10億元。

行業迎革新?

日前,工信部發布《光伏製造行業規範條件(2024年本)》《光伏製造行業規範公吿管理辦法(2024年本)》(徵求意見稿)。

其中明確提出,引導光伏企業減少單純擴大產能的光伏製造項目,加強技術創新、提高產品質量、降低生產成本。

新建和改擴建光伏製造項目,最低資本金比例為30%。

隨着政策引導光伏產業轉型,勢必將促使資源向優質企業集中,有效加速落後產能的淘汰進程。

此前,國家能源局也表示,當前中國光伏行業確實競爭非常激烈,將合理引導光伏上游產能建設和釋放,避免低端產能重複建設。

最近,光伏廠商經歷了集體“失血”,中報業績是一片慘淡。

由於行業供需失衡,“大幅虧損”已成為了普遍現象。在已披露預吿的光伏企業中,至少有八家龍頭企業上半年業績虧損上限超過10億元。

其中,隆基綠能預虧48—55億元,而其去年同期淨利潤為91.78億元。

而在這輪產業下行週期中,“量升價跌”是主要的衝擊因素。

協鑫集團董事長朱共山6月下旬指出,現如今光伏晶硅產業鏈價格戰十分慘烈。

截至目前,硅料、硅片、電池、組件四大環節,基本上跌破現金成本,全產業鏈集體承壓。

市場數據顯示,上半年光伏四大主材中,硅料價格跌超40%,硅片價格也跌去30%以上,二者與去年高點相比跌幅更是超過80%。

另外,電池片、組件年內價格也降了至少15%,與去年高點相比縮水近60%。

光伏拐點將至?

全產業鏈盈利能力持續承壓,行業會何時反彈?

隆基綠能董事長鍾寶申日前表示,以目前的競爭態勢有可能再過三個月左右,價格可能會穩定或者稍微上抬。

2024年會是公司非常艱難的一年,也會是行業艱難的一年,2025年公司會先於光伏行業進入到復甦狀態。

市場人士分析也表示,利潤見底説明拐點將至,但這也表明真正的產能清退將在下半年逐步開啟。

SEMI中國光伏標準委員會聯合祕書長呂錦標指出,光伏行業今年內就會調整,三季度就會看到調整信號。

“產業鏈的調整會首先體現在多晶硅端,各企業通過安排成本相對高的生產線停產檢修降負荷,以柔性生產緩解庫存壓力。”

而為了穿越週期,光伏企業紛紛也在加大技術創新方面的投入,加之隨着政策端的提振,光伏後市走勢將如何?

光大證券認為,修訂意在進一步引導光伏企業減少單純擴產能的光伏製造項目投資,同時進一步提升項目工藝技術和能耗管理的有關要求。

在光伏產品價格持續下跌背景下,主產業鏈各環節的公司均面臨較為嚴峻的經營壓力,具備成本和技術優勢的頭部企業有望在行業產能出清中佔據領先地位。

不過財信證券也指出,目前光伏行業依舊維持較為激烈的競爭態勢,在23年行業大規模擴產後,光伏行業產能優化和出清的短期趨勢沒有改變,主產業鏈各個環節盈利壓力較大。

在此背景下資金充裕、技術優勢明顯的企業有望穿越週期,但當下時點仍然只有短期反彈的可能,長期反轉尚需產業端持續優化。

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