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分拆徹底改變估值邏輯?摩根大通甚至喊“阿里翻倍”

$阿里巴巴-SW(09988.HK)$“徹底放權”,宣佈史上最大調整“一拆六”,未來“六”的價值或將遠超“一”。

自週二發佈拆分消息以來,阿里股價節節高升。阿里週二美股大漲14%,創去年6月以來最大單日漲幅,週三升近100美元。阿里港股週四開盤漲超2%,目前有所回落,漲0.9%,報95.4港元。

前所未有的調整帶來了估值邏輯的變化,阿里或釋放巨大的價值,摩根大通上調阿里美股目標價至210美元;瑞穗將牛市情境下的阿里目標價上調爲190美元。

除此之外,獨立經營框架下,將調動各業務版塊積極性,提高各業務版塊競爭力和運營效率。

SOTP重估阿里價值

重組改變了分析師和投資者對阿里的估值方法,由市盈率(P/E)估值法切換至分部加總法(SOTP)。

摩根大通表示,在阿里巴巴分設業務後的最佳情景中,其股價可能會上漲一倍以上。

摩根大通分析師Alex Yao稱:

儘管阿里巴巴宣佈變革後,週二股價只上漲了14%,但從中長期來看,該公司股價仍有進一步上升空間。最理想的情況,阿里的預期股價將達到每股210美元,意味着較週三的收盤價上漲約110%。

華爾街的其他分析師也同意這一觀點,瑞穗分析師James Lee表示,將使用SOTP對分拆的業務部門進行估值:

基準情況下,阿里目標價爲155美元。牛市情況下,我們將阿里目標價上調爲190美元。

我們認爲,只有核心商業版塊和雲計算業務被計入了股價,而外賣、在線視頻和支付等業務則是免費看漲期權。

根據阿里最新方案,將設立六大業務集團獨立經營,阿里將以控股公司身份對各個業務版塊進行管理,每個業務集團被允許單獨上市。在這一模式下,市場將更容易發現各個業務版塊的價值。

雲計算和電商是最有前景的領域,許多分析師認爲它們是阿里巴巴最有價值的業務領域,另一方面,送餐等當地服務正在燒錢,而且可能還會持續一段時間。這就是爲什麼分析師們採用SOTP估值法來評估阿里在拆分後的價值。

調動各業務版塊積極性

更關鍵的是,分拆將會進一步調動各業務版塊積極性、改善整體運營效率。各大業務版塊可以制定更符合自身特點的激勵政策,有助於提升阿里的活力。

阿里的核心是中國商業版塊,該板塊是阿里最大的收入和利潤來源,約佔阿里整體收入的三分之二,也是六個中唯一一個去年實現營利的版塊。

如果沒有搖錢樹的支撐,其他業務勢必將努力提高效率和利潤。其次,核心電商業務將有更多的現金來對抗競爭者,或者是提高股東權益報酬。

麥格理資本分析師Ellie Jiang指出:

我們預計會看到各版塊更積極的決策,將會提高阿里的整體運營效率。現階段,阿里的許多核心部門仍面臨虧損。擁有一個更清晰的業務部門組織可以提高運營力度和透明度,同時每個部門也將對其財務業績和穩定性更負責。

隨着每個部門開始獨立運營,制定符合自身的激勵措施,管理團隊迴歸創業模式,將提高阿里的長期競爭力。

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