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美聯儲將在5月暫停加息?高級鷹派官員暗示了這一時間表
uSMART盈立智投 02-01 14:21

如果接下來有更多證據表明美國通脹降溫,媒體分析稱,美聯儲有望在3月會議之後,考慮暫停加息。也就是說,美聯儲可能5月會議不再加息。

5月暫停加息,是基於美聯儲高級鷹派官員、擁有表決權的理事Waller給出的時間表暗示。Waller是美聯儲採取前置加息策略的早期倡導者。

Waller在近日的講話中表示,“爭論的焦點是,應該在三個月的數據之後暫停,還是在六個月的數據之後暫停。從風險管理方面出發,我需要六個月的數據,而不僅僅是三個月。”

此前美聯儲公佈的10月、11月和12月通脹數據,均顯示物價漲幅穩步放緩。例如,上週五公佈的美聯儲最愛的通脹指標——核心PCE物價指數,12月繼續降溫,創下十四個月新低,同比增4.4%,符合預期,11月前值爲4.7%。不過該指標仍是美聯儲2%通脹目標的超過兩倍。

根據Waller的基準,如果上述降溫趨勢再持續三個月,也就是看到1月、2月和3月的數據,那麼哪怕是美聯儲鷹派官員們,也已經看到足夠多的證據,有信心通脹朝着目標方向回落,這樣美聯儲可以在5月2日至3日的會議暫停加息。

Waller還指出,過去幾個月工資數據顯示出令人鼓舞的減速趨勢。不過他也承認,一些月度通脹數據與2022年初的水平基本沒有變化。

近日,Waller明確表示,雖然他仍認爲需要繼續收緊政策,但支持本週美聯儲會議上,將利率放緩至25個基點。可以看出,美聯儲內部哪怕是很鷹派的官員,也支持放緩加息,且對通脹的表述較2022年通脹高燒時期,有着很明顯的變化。

美聯儲二號人物、副主席佈雷納德在近日講話中指出,三個月和六個月的通脹指標有所下降。

達拉斯聯儲主席Logan在1月稍早時候表示,“在當前環境下,我認爲我們需要一種既靈活又穩健的策略。我們需要持續仔細地評估即將公佈的數據對經濟前景的影響,並相應地調整路線。”

當前,市場普遍預計美聯儲將在本週三的會議,加息25個基點,聯邦基金利率升至4.5%-4.75%。25個基點的加息幅度,低於去年12月加息50個基點,更遠低於去年12月會議之前的連續四次、每次75個基點的激進加息。

美聯儲官員們12月時對聯邦基金利率在今年的預期中位數爲5.1%。如果3月加息後暫停,那麼意味着屆時的聯邦基金利率水平將略低於5.1%。目前,華爾街交易員們也是這樣認爲。

事實上,不只是像Waller這樣的鷹派官員有大幅轉變,美國高通脹的吹哨人、前美國財政部長薩默斯在最新講話中表示,由於美國經濟前景的高度不確定性,美聯儲在本週加息後,應該避免發出下一步行動的信號。

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