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富國銀行:科技股仍“不過時”,但需避開這些熱門領域

隨着美股在2021年屢創新高,許多華爾街知名投行在其發佈的2022年市場前瞻中提示高位風險。

太平洋投資管理公司(PIMCO)創始人比爾•格羅斯(Bill Gross)在11月警告稱,過度寬鬆的央行會導致包括股票在內的各種資產出現「危險的」普遍狂熱。

另一方面,摩根士丹利(Morgan Stanley)週一發出了更有力的建議,建議投資者停止購買美國股票和美國國債,轉而投資歐洲、日本股市和能源股。

不過,富國銀行(Wells Fargo)投資研究所(Investment Institute)在11月的電話會議中表示,未來一年,美股市場仍有很多可取之處。

首先,該公司將美國大型能源股從利好調降至中性,而信息技術股則相反。該團隊表示:「增長放緩但高於平均水平的環境,既有利於週期性行業,也有利於增長型行業,這意味着我們應採取更爲平衡的行業指引方式。」隨着週期的成熟和經濟增長開始正常化,信息技術等長期增長行業通常會發揮主導作用。」

富國銀行研究所指出,公司的質量是關鍵,IT行業以股本回報率和低槓桿率等指標領先。該團隊表示:「儘管估值高於歷史平均水平,但我們認爲,投資者可能會繼續爲持續增長並對週期性放緩表現出一定韌性的公司支付溢價。」

該公司將能源板塊的評級下調至中性,稱即使2022年是又一個好年頭,將今年的部分利潤套現也是明智的。儘管油價進一步上漲將提振企業盈利,但該公司表示,供應商可能會維持減產,估值也將變得更加合理。其他對能源不利的因素包括高槓杆率和低股本回報率。

(圖片來源:富國銀行)

富國銀行研究所將美國小盤股從利好調降至中性,而對中盤股則執行相反操作。同樣,這也是一個質量問題,因爲中型股公司通常擁有更強勁的資產負債表和現金水平,以及有利的股本回報率。中型股很多分佈在IT領域,不過也有對經濟敏感行業的企業。

過去一年,受週期早期復甦影響較大的小盤股表現優於標普500指數和羅素中型股指數。但富國銀行研究所認爲,在向週期中期過渡的過程中,增長放緩和流動性不足對規模較小的公司不太有利。

在其他方面,富國銀行研究所已將能源類商品評級從中性上調至有利,但將農業類商品評級下調至中性,此前價格已大幅上漲。基於對美元走強的預期,該機構將2022年底WTI原油價格上調至每桶85美元至95美元,並將黃金目標價下調至每盎司2000美元至2100美元。

至於經濟方面,富國銀行研究所將明年美國經濟增長預期下調至4.5%,並將通脹率上調至4%,但表示仍有相當可觀的增長空間。該團隊表示:「我們指望經濟持續重新開放,以允許消費者主導的經濟增長從商品支出擴大到近距離接觸旅遊、娛樂和其他受疫情打擊最嚴重的服務行業。」

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