阿伐替尼新適應症獲FDA批准 基石藥業(02616.HK)擁有大中華區權益
今年3月剛剛在中國獲批上市的阿伐替尼(avapritinib,中文商品名:泰吉華)今日從美國傳來喜訊,FDA已批准該產品用於治療晚期系統性肥大細胞增多症(advanced SM)成人患者,包括侵襲性SM(ASM)、伴有血液腫瘤的SM(SM-AHN)和肥大細胞白血病(MCL)。這也是全球首個專門針對該疾病主要驅動基因的精準療法,在已有或沒有預先治療的患者中都顯示持久的臨牀反應,包括完全緩解。
基石藥業擁有阿伐替尼在大中華區地區的獨家開發和商業化授權。今年3月29日,中國國家藥品監督管理局(NMPA)已批准阿伐替尼作為胃腸道間質瘤(GIST)精準靶向藥物在中國上市,阿伐替尼也是中國首個獲批的針對PDGFRA外顯子18突變型GIST的精準治療藥物,也標誌着胃腸道間質瘤(GIST)治療進入以驅動基因為基礎的精準治療新時代。相信基石藥業會把此次美國獲批的新適應症以最快的速度帶給國內患者。
此次FDA批准的適應症SM是一種罕見的血液系統疾病,是一種除皮膚外,一個或多個組織中以肥大細胞異常增生為特徵的異質性克隆性疾病,可導致肥大細胞過度產生以及骨髓和其他器官中肥大細胞的積聚,從而導致一系列如虛弱、器官功能障礙和衰竭等嚴重的併發症。
據瞭解,晚期系統性肥大細胞增多症包括侵襲性肥大細胞增多症(ASM)、伴有相關血液腫瘤的肥大細胞增多症(SM-AHN)和肥大細胞白血病(MCL)三種亞型,罹患上述晚期SM的患者經治療後預後仍舊較差,以MCL患者為例,中位總生存期不足6個月,可選擇的治療方式有限。在中國,尚無獲批的治療藥物。據瞭解,全國範圍內既往沒有開展過在肥大細胞增生症中的新藥臨牀研究,沒有獲批的治療藥物。患者確診之路常常艱難曲折,而缺乏治療選擇則進一步讓患者陷入窘境。
幾乎在所有SM病例中均由KIT D816V突變引起,所以選擇以Kit抑制劑為主的治療手段成為首選。阿伐替尼是一種靶向激酶激活構象的1型抑制劑,能夠抑制多種攜帶KIT和PDGFRA基因突變的蛋白激酶,對於具有KIT及PDGFRA突變(包括KIT D816V、PDGFRα D842V和KIT外顯子17突變)的多種疾病均顯示出良好的耐受性和強效精準的療效。
根據最新的臨牀數據分析,SM患者對阿伐替尼(avapritinib)可產生持久的緩解,具有良好的耐受性,由於阿伐替尼(avapritinib)能夠選擇性地靶向疾病的驅動基因突變,該藥有潛力從根本上改變晚期SM患者的治療前景。
根據1期臨牀試驗EXPLORER和2期臨牀試驗PATHFINDER的數據,美國FDA授予阿伐替尼用於晚期SM成人患者的完全批准。它在不同疾病亞型的晚期SM患者中顯示出持久的臨牀療效。在中位隨訪期為11.6個月的53例可評估患者中,總緩解率(ORR)為57%(95% CI:42%,70%),完全緩解/血液學完全緩解率為28%。中位緩解持續時間為38.3個月。
Blueprint Medicines公司首席執行官Jeff Albers,該公司將在這一進展的基礎上再接再厲,通過在非晚期系統性肥大細胞增多症患者中進行的臨牀試驗,將精準治療的益處帶給更廣泛的患者。
目前阿伐替尼已成功商業化,基石藥業已經與國藥控股股份有限公司、上海鎂信健康科技有限公司、北京圓心科技集團有限公司等合作伙伴簽署戰略合作協議,大幅提升患者在藥物可及性、支付可及性等方面的迫切需求。在獲批僅一個月左右時間,阿伐替尼就已經在北京大學腫瘤醫院、北京大學人民醫院、上海交通大學醫學院附屬仁濟醫院等近三十家醫院同步開出首批處方單,並正式面向全國多個省市的五十多家院內和院外藥房供藥。
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