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如何看待全球央行降息潮及其对资本市场的潜在影响
格隆汇 03-06 15:54

来源:重阳投资

降息潮提高了权益类资产的相对价值,新兴市场股票将显著受益。中国作为在疫情中率先恢复、应对得当的经济体,A股和港股资产都将因此受益。

Q:中美澳加等国央行皆已降息,请问重阳投资如何看待全球央行降息潮及其对资本市场的潜在影响?

A:受到新冠病毒疫情影响,在中国率先下调政策利率后,澳大利亚、美国、加拿大也加入了降息行列,美国和加拿大降息幅度更是高达50bp。

宏观逆周期政策应该做到“对症下药”。疫情是当前全球经济面临的最大风险。历史经验告诉我们,疫情对宏观经济的总体影响是一次性的,但这并不等于没有影响。疫情的影响主要体现在对某些行业(如需要人群聚集的服务业)的营业收入特别是现金流的短期负面冲击,可能导致抗风险能力较低的中小企业面临资金链断裂的风险。疫情的性质决定了,宏观上的逆周期调节需要财政政策与货币政策并重,货币政策中总量与结构性并重。疫情爆发以来,中国政府采取了包括:1)医保兜底新冠患者救治费用;2)阶段性减税降费降低企业成本;3)加大“新基建”与“老基建”投资力度;4)下调公开市场、LPR贷款利率等降低企业融资成本;5)运用多种再贷款、再贴现政策加大对小微企业的流动性支持力度等一系列政策“组合拳”。这些政策具有很强的针对性,既可以缓解疫情冲击对实体经济的影响,也不会导致“大水漫灌”。

海外降息潮对金融市场的影响大于实体经济。随着海外疫情的扩散,各国政府也采取了多种措施应对疫情冲击。美国、韩国、意大利等国家都通过了紧急财政预算抗击疫情。但从货币政策来看,总量政策有余、结构性政策不足。美联储紧急大幅降息50bp,使美国的收益率曲线期限利差从倒挂再次回到正常,在上周美股大跌后及时安抚了市场情绪,稳定了风险资产价格。但是,疫情对金融市场带来的冲击在性质上与2008年金融危机截然不同,在金融体系总体健康的情况下,单纯大幅注入流动性对资产价格的影响远大于实体经济。

降息潮提高了权益类资产的相对价值,新兴市场股票将显著受益。从投资的角度来看,重要的不是区分政策的对与错,而是根据政策做好应对。当前海外长债利率都处于或接近历史最低水平,尽管股票(特别是美股)的绝对估值水平从历史上看并不便宜,但美国、欧洲、新兴市场主要股指的内在收益率相对无风险利率的差都处于历史高位水平。换言之,股票相对债券来说非常便宜。尽管疫情会对上市公司的盈利带来短期冲击,但是现金流较好的优质上市公司因利率下行所享受到的估值扩张效应将更加显著。美联储降息将会快速侵蚀美元对其他货币的利差优势,终结美元的上行周期。一旦疫情在海外得到控制,资金将大幅流入新兴市场股市。中国作为在疫情中率先恢复、应对得当的经济体,A股和港股资产都将因此受益。

内容仅供参考,不构成任何投资建议和销售要约,不涉及任何商业合作。

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