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食品饮料行业投资月度报告:白酒稳健行远,啤酒持续改善
格隆汇 11-06 09:44

机构:兴业证券

投资要点 

白酒:整体符合预期,内部分化加剧。1)三季报整体符合预期,名酒降速但 仍稳健增长,三季度板块营业收入同增 13.13%,环比下降 1.25pct,同比下降 0.48pct,净利润同增 16.50%,环比下降 4.94pct,同比提高 4.80pct。剔除茅台 后,板块三季度营收同增 13.03%,环比下降 3.40pct, 同比下降 6.47pct,归母 净利润同增 15.74%,增速环比下降 7.05pct,同比下降 9.87pct。2)板块整体 盈利能力稳健,费用相对稳定,净利率同比提升,板块 19Q3 板块整体毛利率 及净利率分别为 76.6%和 33.8%,同比分别-1.2pct、+1.0pct。不计入茅台来看, 期内板块整体毛利率及净利率分别为 69.5%和 24.9%,分别同比-1.9pct 和 +0.6pct,茅台毛利率有所下降的原因是三季度成本增速为 22.47%,拖累了毛 利率水平。3)经营质量一般,预收款有分化,现金流回款承压,预收款、票 据、现金流等指标整体一般、分化明显,其中销售收现情况承压、回款能力有 所下降。4)白酒板块重仓占比环比下降,仍处于超配。19Q3 板块重仓比例为 15.46%,环比下降 0.13pct,期末超配比例为 9.80%,白酒个股重仓比例普遍下 降,高端酒持仓相对稳定。 

啤酒:板块持续改善,整体费率有所下降: 1)收入缓慢增长,利润增速较快。 三季度啤酒板块 (不计入华润)收入同增 3.9%,归母净利润同增 25.3%,增速 环比提升 12.1pct, 利润提速明显,主要系:前期净利润基数的绝对值较低;产 品结构升级叠加税费改善,期内毛利率提升而费率相对稳定。2)板块费率稳 定,盈利能力持续向好。板块毛利率同比提升 1pct 至 40.8%,期内费用率相对 稳定,销售、管理费用率保持在 15.7%、5.6%,受益于费率稳定、毛利率提升 及增值税率下降等因素,前三季度板块盈利能力同比提升 1.7pct 至 9.9%。 

葡萄酒:受经济影响板块需求下滑。前三季度葡萄酒收入同比下降 5.6%、利 润同增 3.7%主要系 19Q1 波动拖累。整体来看,19Q3 葡萄酒板块毛利率微升, 费率及盈利能力较稳定。 

黄酒:增速承压,盈利能力较稳。黄酒板块实现营收 25.9 亿元,同比下降 1.6%, 期内实现净利润 2.2 亿元,同比下降 9.4%,与葡萄酒一样,黄酒 Q1 收入占比 高,板块整体增速受一季度影响较明显。板块毛利率为 41.2%,同增 3.7pct, 板块净利润率为较 18Q3 提升 1.1pct 至 4.7%。 

登高能望远,推荐业绩确定性龙头。1)基本面:品牌意识崛起,消费升级成 为行业发展驱动力,行业分化和集中的趋势会延续、竞争会更激烈,各行业龙 头企业凭借品牌、渠道优势平抑周期,获得超越行业发展。2)资金面:海外 资金、银行理财成为边际增量资金,消费品龙头或受青睐。3)估值:在无风 险利率下行趋势下,业绩确定性收益的企业将享受估值溢价。基于此我们建议 登高远望,持续推荐酒类子行业龙头企业。 

投资策略:推荐业绩确定性强的白酒、啤酒龙头。白酒:综合品牌渠道优势、 区域布局精选处于业绩释放期标的,推荐今世缘、山西汾酒、五粮液、贵州茅 台、泸州老窖、古井贡酒、酒鬼酒、洋河股份等。啤酒:选择积极调整的龙头 企业,如青岛啤酒、华润啤酒、珠江啤酒。

风险提示:市场风险,经济下行,不恰当的量价政策,食品安全问题。 

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