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【申萬宏源】興業銀行三季報點評:業績表現超預期,資產質量持續向好
格隆匯 10-30 08:43

作者:申萬宏源銀行組 

來源:大金融研究

事件:興業銀行披露2019年三季報,2019年前三季度實現營業收入1366億元,同比增長19.2%;實現歸母淨利潤549億元,同比增長8.5%;3Q19不良率季度環比下降1bp至1.55%,業績增長超預期。

資產負債結構調整帶來息差持續走闊,歸母淨利潤增速提升超市場預期。興業銀行9M19營業收入、PPOP分別同比增長19.2%、21.9%,增速較1H19均略有下降,但是歸母淨利潤同比增速較1H19提升1.5個百分點至8.5%,再次印證我們的觀點,在今年“資產緊-負債鬆”的格局下,市場化負債佔比高的銀行息差更為受益。業績增速回升的主要驅動因素是:(1)息差連續兩個季度改善,3Q19淨息差1.70%,環比較2Q19提升4bps。一方面,貸款佔比提升至48.5%,新增貸款投放向個人貸款傾斜,3Q19新增貸款中有61%投向了個人貸款,而公司貸款較2Q19壓降4628億元,總貸款中個貸佔比較2Q19提升0.8個百分點至41.1%,零售貸款收益率較對公貸款更高且不良率較低,零售貸款佔比提升有助於穩定資產端收益率。另一方面,3Q19興業銀行廣義同業負債季度環比下降1.4個百分點至33.0%(剔除結算性同業存款預計更低),同時存款佔比環比提升1.0個百分點。(2)資產減值損失增速放緩,為利潤增長帶來更大空間。隨着三季度興業銀行在資產質量上的壓力有所減輕,9M19資產減值損失同比增速較1H19下降22.0個百分點,進一步推動業績增速的提升。

不良率連續兩個季度下降,不良生成率、關注率季度環比均下行,非標撥備大力夯實,預示資產質量進一步優化。3Q19不良率環比下降1bp至1.55%,已連續兩個季度下降,9M19不良貸款餘額同比增長15.4%,增速較1H19下降3.4個百分點。從不良先行指標看,加回核銷後的不良生成率101bps,環比2Q19大幅下降67bps,這從側面驗證了2Q19不良生成率顯著提升是興業銀行主動收緊不良認定標準並一次性加大不良核銷力度所帶來的結果,根據半年報業績發佈會上管理層的介紹,截至2Q19興業銀行逾期60天以上貸款/不良餘額降已至93%,由此可以看出銀行內部對於嚴控信用風險,優化資產質量的決心。此外,3Q19關注貸款率1.85%,較2Q19、年初分別下降3bps、20bps,預示未來不良率有望持續轉好。同時,興業銀行撥備覆蓋率季度環比提升4.4個百分點至197.87%,撥備安全墊有所增厚,結合9M19其資產減值損失同比大幅增長50%,我們判斷興業銀行仍在大力夯實其非標撥備,有助於緩解市場對於其非標資產不透明的長期詬病,預計其資產質量將持續改善。

投資建議:在今年“資產緊-負債鬆”的格局下,興業銀行三季度受益於同業負債等市場化負債佔比較高,淨息差繼續走闊,從而帶來PPOP同比增速超過20%,歸母淨利潤同比增速較1H19有所提升。資產質量上,不良率進一步改善,加回核銷後的不良生成率大幅下降從側面驗證了2Q19不良生成率提升是公司主動嚴格不良確認標準同時加大核銷力度所致,同時,興業銀行繼續大力夯實非標撥備,有效打破市場對於其非標不透明的長期擔憂,資產質量更加紮實。長期戰略層面,興業銀行“投行+商行”戰略以投行化思維多元化服務實體企業融資的模式有利於銀行向輕資本的方向發展,非息收入增速有望回升從而增強盈利能力,強化核心競爭力。我們預計19-21年歸母淨利潤分別同比增長10.3%、13.2%、15.0%(調低2019年盈利預測,原19-21年歸母淨利潤增速預測為12.7%、13.5%、15.3%,小幅調高2019年資產減值損失增速)。當前股價對應19年0.79倍PB,目標估值1.2倍PB,對應上行空間51%,維持買入評級,重申銀行首推組合。

風險提示:經濟大幅下行引發行業不良風險。

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