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AH股“三桶油”集体飙升创新高,发生了什么?

3月7日,三桶油迎来爆发,$中国石化(600028.SH)$盘中涨近7%,股价刷新四年新高;$中国石油(601857.SH)$盘中涨近6%,股价刷新近九个月新高;$中国海油(600938.SH)$盘中涨停,股价更是一举刷新上市以来新高。

港股方面,三家公司$中国海洋石油(00883.HK)$、$中国石油化工股份(00386.HK)$、$中国石油股份(00857.HK)$也创下数年新高。

据证券时报3月6日报道,上交所总经理蔡建春两会上提交了三份提案,其中包括促进央企估值水平合理回归,推动央企上市公司质量提升,其建议国资委、财政部等央企主管部委协同中国证监会,促进央企估值水平合理回归,推动央企上市公司质量提高、价值挖掘和提升。

另一方面,纽交所原油期货近期连续回升,近六个交易日累计涨近7%,分析称油价处于高位将直接提高油公司收入和利润,并保障未来油服的景气度。

央企石油公司有望迎价值重估

资料显示,受《国企改革三年行动》方案推动,国内央企此前开始推行ROE、市值和利润增速等方面的考核要求。中石油公告显示,截至2022年底,集团层面六个方面86项改革任务、企业层面7666项改革任务全部收官,完成率已达到100%。

估值方面,申万宏源表示,目前中石油和中海油的PB仍明显低于2010-2014高油价时期和2019年底疫情前的表现,且国内以民营大炼化为代表的行业龙头估值低于海外标的。目前的石化产品价格整体与历史平均相当,以大炼化为代表的新型石油化工致力于技术进步带动生产成本下降,将具有长期持续的竞争力。

民生证券也认为,油价易涨难跌,且国央企估值有望提升,近期国资委多次提出,要推动中国特色估值体系建设,聚焦实现“增一稳四提升”目标、启动国有企业对标世界一流企业价值创造行动,而当前“三桶油”估值都处于较低水平,未来国企估值有望迎来重塑空间。

油服行业预计进入上行周期

申万宏源分析称,目前原油价格在历史中高位,受OPEC坚持减产及俄罗斯产量下降影响,对于国内自身拥有上游油气资源和配套下游炼厂的国企来说,实现一体化布局的利润表现更好。

资料显示,油服行业景气度变化受油价变化和上游资本开支影响,行业景气度可由油价和上游资本开支判断,石油公司的上游资本开支决策与油价正向相关。

信达证券分析称,由于美联储为了复苏经济将加息趋缓甚至采取降息措施、沙特主导的OPEC+通过控制产量支撑油价、非OPEC无法大规模增产,油价出现大幅暴跌可能性较小,油价或将持续高位运行。

根据Rystad Energy预测,2022年全球上游油田服务投资将达到4250亿美元,同比增长提升18.8%,约670亿美元,为10年来最高增长。

Rystad Energy预测,2022年全球油田服务采购额有望达到6010亿美元,同比增长16.2%,未来将继续保持增长,预计2025年底将增长至6770亿美元。油服投资额与采购额的大幅上涨推动油服行业进入上行周期。

东海证券也认为,油服行业将进入长期景气上行空间。当前国内油服公司整体估值均处历史低位,保持在1X-3X之间,其中海油工程自2022年以来市销率已低于国外油服行业平均值,与历史上油服的阶段性表现不同,油服行业将进入长期价值修复空间。

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