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1月社融數據超預期,寬信用結果夠積極嗎?
格隆匯 02-11 15:11

昨日,央行發佈1月金融數據,“穩增長”基調下信貸迎來開門紅。

社會融資規模存量為320.05萬億元,同比增長10.5%;增量為6.17萬億元,比上年同期多9842億元;其中,對實體經濟發放的人民幣貸款增加4.2萬億元,是單月統計高點,同比多增3806億元。M2總量達到243.1萬億元,同比增長9.8%,增速分別比上月末和上年同期高0.8和0.4個百分點。兩項數據均高於市場預期。

社融結構方面,政府債券與人民幣貸款是此次社融數據超預期的支撐主力,而表外融資的速度整體放緩。

具體來看,1月社融口徑貸款多增4200億元,同比多增3818億元,是第一大支撐主力。

政府債券融資1月共實現淨融資6026億元,同比多增3589億元。1月新增企業債券融資5799億元,同比多增1882億元。非金融企業境內股票融資1439億元,同比多增448億元。

表外融資上,新增委託貸款428億元,同比多增337億元;新增信託貸款減少680億元,同比少減162億元;未貼現銀行承兑匯票4731億元,同比少增171億元。

企業短期貸款新增10100億元,同比多增4345億元;企業中長期貸款新增21000億元,同比僅多增600億元;企業票據融資新增1788億元,同比多增3193億元。

而居民貸款方面,新增居民短期貸款1006億元,同比少增2272億元;新增居民中長期貸款7424億元,同比少增2024億元。

雖然1月社融整體數據超出市場預期,但從具體社融結構來看,此次社融數據成色依然不足。

一方面,政府債券融資表現亮眼,主要系“穩增長”主基調下,國家適度超前開展基礎設施投資,地方專項債提前發行。此前國家發改委發文稱,加強重大項目用地用海用能等要素保障,用好用足中央預算內投資、地方政府專項債券。由此來看,1月政府債券融資已達預期。

但另一方面,在信貸中,貢獻最大的企業貸款卻出現了分化。代表實體經濟恢復程度晴雨表的企業長期貸款偏弱,增長較為明顯的反而是企業短期貸款與票據融資。説明實體經濟恢復並不如預期中樂觀。

而信貸中的居民貸款更是成為整體數據拖後腿的一項,不及去年同期。可見,“穩增長”定調後,國內居民的購房與消費的意願並沒有得到較強的刺激。

平安證券認為,在強烈的穩增長訴求之下,針對居民消費的刺激政策必將加速推進、房地產按揭貸款利率有望進一步調整,不必過於擔憂居民疲弱的消費需求對寬信用的拖累;綠色基建、傳統基建、製造業及其他行業將成為企業中長期貸款的增量的有力抓手。

廣發固收則認為,1月份金融數據確實好轉,但可持續性存疑。在超預期的總量數據之外,更需要關注的是結構惡化隱含的經濟下行壓力,貨幣向信用傳導不暢的問題仍舊存在。而實體內生性融資需求乏力也還沒有明顯好轉,這反過來意味着依靠“窗口指導”的“衝量”很難持續,提振經濟的時滯還會很長。

社融數據出台後,今日上漲的板塊僅為煤炭、銀行、非銀金融、建築材料、家用電器、石油石化與房地產等“穩增長”帶動的板塊。

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